The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate
Jellyfish outbreaks in marine coastal areas represent an emergent problem worldwide, with negative consequences on human activities and ecosystem functioning. However, potential positive effects of jellyfish biomass proliferation may be envisaged as a natural source of bioactive compounds of pharmac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/1/17 |
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| author | Loredana Stabili Lucia Rizzo Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Federica Angilè Laura Del Coco Chiara Roberta Girelli Silvia Lomartire Stefano Piraino Lorena Basso |
| author_facet | Loredana Stabili Lucia Rizzo Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Federica Angilè Laura Del Coco Chiara Roberta Girelli Silvia Lomartire Stefano Piraino Lorena Basso |
| author_sort | Loredana Stabili |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Jellyfish outbreaks in marine coastal areas represent an emergent problem worldwide, with negative consequences on human activities and ecosystem functioning. However, potential positive effects of jellyfish biomass proliferation may be envisaged as a natural source of bioactive compounds of pharmaceutical interest. We investigated the biochemical composition of mature female gonads and lysozyme antibacterial activity of oocytes in the Mediterranean barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo. Chemical characterization was performed by means of multinuclear and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The ovaries of R. pulmo were mainly composed of water (93.7 ± 1.9% of wet weight), with organic matter (OM) and dry weight made respectively of proteins (761.76 ± 25.11 µg mg−1 and 45.7 ± 1.5%), lipids (192.17 ± 10.56 µg mg−1 and 9.6 ± 0.6%), and carbohydrates (59.66 ± 2.72 µg mg−1 and 3.7 ± 0.3%). The aqueous extract of R. pulmo gonads contained free amino acids, organic acids, and derivatives; the lipid extract was composed of triglycerides (TG), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), diunsaturated fatty acids (DUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and minor components such as sterols and phospholipids. The R. pulmo oocyte lysate exhibited an antibacterial lysozyme-like activity (mean diameter of lysis of 9.33 ± 0.32 mm corresponding to 1.21 mg/mL of hen egg-white lysozyme). The occurrence of defense molecules is a crucial mechanism to grant healthy development of mature eggs and fertilized embryos (and the reproductive success of the species) by preventing marine bacterial overgrowth. As a corollary, these results call for future investigations for an exploitation of R. pulmo biomasses as a resource of bioactive metabolites of biotechnological importance including pharmaceuticals and nutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:37:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e9608b3f79446f6a015a2c3907546c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:37:38Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e9608b3f79446f6a015a2c3907546c92022-12-22T03:45:46ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972018-12-011711710.3390/md17010017md17010017The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte LysateLoredana Stabili0Lucia Rizzo1Francesco Paolo Fanizzi2Federica Angilè3Laura Del Coco4Chiara Roberta Girelli5Silvia Lomartire6Stefano Piraino7Lorena Basso8Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyConsorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 00196, 9- Roma, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyJellyfish outbreaks in marine coastal areas represent an emergent problem worldwide, with negative consequences on human activities and ecosystem functioning. However, potential positive effects of jellyfish biomass proliferation may be envisaged as a natural source of bioactive compounds of pharmaceutical interest. We investigated the biochemical composition of mature female gonads and lysozyme antibacterial activity of oocytes in the Mediterranean barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo. Chemical characterization was performed by means of multinuclear and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The ovaries of R. pulmo were mainly composed of water (93.7 ± 1.9% of wet weight), with organic matter (OM) and dry weight made respectively of proteins (761.76 ± 25.11 µg mg−1 and 45.7 ± 1.5%), lipids (192.17 ± 10.56 µg mg−1 and 9.6 ± 0.6%), and carbohydrates (59.66 ± 2.72 µg mg−1 and 3.7 ± 0.3%). The aqueous extract of R. pulmo gonads contained free amino acids, organic acids, and derivatives; the lipid extract was composed of triglycerides (TG), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), diunsaturated fatty acids (DUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and minor components such as sterols and phospholipids. The R. pulmo oocyte lysate exhibited an antibacterial lysozyme-like activity (mean diameter of lysis of 9.33 ± 0.32 mm corresponding to 1.21 mg/mL of hen egg-white lysozyme). The occurrence of defense molecules is a crucial mechanism to grant healthy development of mature eggs and fertilized embryos (and the reproductive success of the species) by preventing marine bacterial overgrowth. As a corollary, these results call for future investigations for an exploitation of R. pulmo biomasses as a resource of bioactive metabolites of biotechnological importance including pharmaceuticals and nutrition.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/1/17antibacterial activityNMR spectroscopybiochemical characterizationjellyfish blooms |
| spellingShingle | Loredana Stabili Lucia Rizzo Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Federica Angilè Laura Del Coco Chiara Roberta Girelli Silvia Lomartire Stefano Piraino Lorena Basso The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate Marine Drugs antibacterial activity NMR spectroscopy biochemical characterization jellyfish blooms |
| title | The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate |
| title_full | The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate |
| title_fullStr | The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate |
| title_short | The Jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria): Biochemical Composition of Ovaries and Antibacterial Lysozyme-like Activity of the Oocyte Lysate |
| title_sort | jellyfish rhizostoma pulmo cnidaria biochemical composition of ovaries and antibacterial lysozyme like activity of the oocyte lysate |
| topic | antibacterial activity NMR spectroscopy biochemical characterization jellyfish blooms |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/1/17 |
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