Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i>
The present work examines the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on multiple herbicide-resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> populations in terms of effectiveness, profitability and carbon footprint. With this aim a trial was established in a winter cereal field und...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/433 |
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| author | Jordi Recasens Aritz Royo-Esnal Francisco Valencia-Gredilla Joel Torra |
| author_facet | Jordi Recasens Aritz Royo-Esnal Francisco Valencia-Gredilla Joel Torra |
| author_sort | Jordi Recasens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present work examines the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on multiple herbicide-resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> populations in terms of effectiveness, profitability and carbon footprint. With this aim a trial was established in a winter cereal field under no-till in North-Eastern Spain during three consecutive seasons. Four IWM programs with different intensification levels, from less (crop rotation, mechanical control, and no herbicides) to more intense (wheat monoculture with high chemical inputs), were established. The different strategies integrated in the four programs were efficient in managing the weed after three years, with increased effectiveness after management program intensification. Whereas low input program (which includes fallow season) represented less economic cost than the other programs, on average, no differences were observed on carbon foot print, considered as kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq kg<sup>−1</sup> product, between the different programs, except in the crop rotation program due to the low pea yield obtained. The results from this study show that in the search for a balance between crop profitability and reduction of the carbon footprint while controlling an herbicide resistant population is challenging, and particularly under no-till. In this scenario the short term priority should be to reduce the presence of multiple herbicide resistant biotypes integrating the different available chemical, cultural, and physical strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:45:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3eaa99aea40343109a923a0ad3f0aeb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:45:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3eaa99aea40343109a923a0ad3f0aeb02023-11-19T20:19:19ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-04-019443310.3390/plants9040433Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i>Jordi Recasens0Aritz Royo-Esnal1Francisco Valencia-Gredilla2Joel Torra3Departament d’Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, SpainDepartament d’Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, SpainDepartament d’Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, SpainDepartament d’Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, SpainThe present work examines the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on multiple herbicide-resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> populations in terms of effectiveness, profitability and carbon footprint. With this aim a trial was established in a winter cereal field under no-till in North-Eastern Spain during three consecutive seasons. Four IWM programs with different intensification levels, from less (crop rotation, mechanical control, and no herbicides) to more intense (wheat monoculture with high chemical inputs), were established. The different strategies integrated in the four programs were efficient in managing the weed after three years, with increased effectiveness after management program intensification. Whereas low input program (which includes fallow season) represented less economic cost than the other programs, on average, no differences were observed on carbon foot print, considered as kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq kg<sup>−1</sup> product, between the different programs, except in the crop rotation program due to the low pea yield obtained. The results from this study show that in the search for a balance between crop profitability and reduction of the carbon footprint while controlling an herbicide resistant population is challenging, and particularly under no-till. In this scenario the short term priority should be to reduce the presence of multiple herbicide resistant biotypes integrating the different available chemical, cultural, and physical strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/433integrated weed managementwinter cerealpoppyenvironmental impacteconomic cost |
| spellingShingle | Jordi Recasens Aritz Royo-Esnal Francisco Valencia-Gredilla Joel Torra Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> Plants integrated weed management winter cereal poppy environmental impact economic cost |
| title | Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> |
| title_full | Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> |
| title_fullStr | Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> |
| title_short | Efficiency, Profitability and Carbon Footprint of Different Management Programs under No-Till to Control Herbicide Resistant <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> |
| title_sort | efficiency profitability and carbon footprint of different management programs under no till to control herbicide resistant i papaver rhoeas i |
| topic | integrated weed management winter cereal poppy environmental impact economic cost |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/4/433 |
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