Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i>
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2, species <i>Cyprinid herpesvirus 2</i>) causes severe mortality in ornamental goldfish, crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus</i>), and gibel carp (<i>Carassius gibelio</i>). It has been shown that the genomic DNA of CyHV-2 could be det...
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/3/445 |
| _version_ | 1818118312690712576 |
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| author | Wenjun Chai Lin Qi Yujun Zhang Mingming Hong Ling Jin Lijuan Li Junfa Yuan |
| author_facet | Wenjun Chai Lin Qi Yujun Zhang Mingming Hong Ling Jin Lijuan Li Junfa Yuan |
| author_sort | Wenjun Chai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2, species <i>Cyprinid herpesvirus 2</i>) causes severe mortality in ornamental goldfish, crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus</i>), and gibel carp (<i>Carassius gibelio</i>). It has been shown that the genomic DNA of CyHV-2 could be detected in subclinical fish, which implied that CyHV-2 could establish persistent infection. In this study, the latency of CyHV-2 was investigated in the survival fish after primary infection. CyHV-2 genomic DNA was detected in multiple tissues of acute infection samples; however, detection of CyHV-2 DNA was significantly reduced in fish recovered from the primary infection on day 300 postinfection. No active viral gene transcription, such as DNA polymerase and <i>ORF99</i>, was detected in recovered fish. Following temperature stress, an increase of CyHV-2 DNA copy numbers and gene transcription were observed in tissues examined, which suggests that CyHV-2 was reactivated under stress. In addition, a cell line (GCBLat1) derived from the brain tissue from CyHV-2-exposed fish harbored CyHV-2 genome but did not produce infectious virions under normal culture conditions. However, CyHV-2 replication and viral gene transcription occurred when GCBLat1 cells were treated with trichostatin A (TSA) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA). It suggests CyHV-2 can remain latent in vitro and can reactivate under stress condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:52:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3eac3ee6f5164ac98ac5fdffc6d22d64 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:52:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-3eac3ee6f5164ac98ac5fdffc6d22d642022-12-22T01:20:21ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-03-018344510.3390/microorganisms8030445microorganisms8030445Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i>Wenjun Chai0Lin Qi1Yujun Zhang2Mingming Hong3Ling Jin4Lijuan Li5Junfa Yuan6Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Biomedical Science, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USADepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2, species <i>Cyprinid herpesvirus 2</i>) causes severe mortality in ornamental goldfish, crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus</i>), and gibel carp (<i>Carassius gibelio</i>). It has been shown that the genomic DNA of CyHV-2 could be detected in subclinical fish, which implied that CyHV-2 could establish persistent infection. In this study, the latency of CyHV-2 was investigated in the survival fish after primary infection. CyHV-2 genomic DNA was detected in multiple tissues of acute infection samples; however, detection of CyHV-2 DNA was significantly reduced in fish recovered from the primary infection on day 300 postinfection. No active viral gene transcription, such as DNA polymerase and <i>ORF99</i>, was detected in recovered fish. Following temperature stress, an increase of CyHV-2 DNA copy numbers and gene transcription were observed in tissues examined, which suggests that CyHV-2 was reactivated under stress. In addition, a cell line (GCBLat1) derived from the brain tissue from CyHV-2-exposed fish harbored CyHV-2 genome but did not produce infectious virions under normal culture conditions. However, CyHV-2 replication and viral gene transcription occurred when GCBLat1 cells were treated with trichostatin A (TSA) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA). It suggests CyHV-2 can remain latent in vitro and can reactivate under stress condition.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/3/445cyprinid herpesvirus 2latencycell linegibel carpreactivation |
| spellingShingle | Wenjun Chai Lin Qi Yujun Zhang Mingming Hong Ling Jin Lijuan Li Junfa Yuan Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> Microorganisms cyprinid herpesvirus 2 latency cell line gibel carp reactivation |
| title | Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> |
| title_full | Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> |
| title_short | Evaluation of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 Latency and Reactivation in <i>Carassius gibel</i> |
| title_sort | evaluation of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 latency and reactivation in i carassius gibel i |
| topic | cyprinid herpesvirus 2 latency cell line gibel carp reactivation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/3/445 |
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