The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland
Fluctuations in the size of taurine cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) have been regularly demonstrated using archaeozoological data from across time and space in Europe, and have been linked to cultural, social and economic changes, but little is known about whether phenotypic change is accompa...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| author | José Granado Elizabeth Wright Robert Blatter Jürg Lange Meral Turgay Laura Bañuelos Sabine Deschler-Erb Barbara Stopp Elisabeth Marti-Grädel Marguerita Schäfer Idoia Grau-Sologestoa Sandra Ammann Debora Schmid Alex R. Furger Reto Marti Jörg Schibler Angela Schlumbaum |
| author_facet | José Granado Elizabeth Wright Robert Blatter Jürg Lange Meral Turgay Laura Bañuelos Sabine Deschler-Erb Barbara Stopp Elisabeth Marti-Grädel Marguerita Schäfer Idoia Grau-Sologestoa Sandra Ammann Debora Schmid Alex R. Furger Reto Marti Jörg Schibler Angela Schlumbaum |
| author_sort | José Granado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluctuations in the size of taurine cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) have been regularly demonstrated using archaeozoological data from across time and space in Europe, and have been linked to cultural, social and economic changes, but little is known about whether phenotypic change is accompanied by changes in genetic diversity. Here, we performed PCR-typed analysis of the partial mtDNA d-loop fragments of 99 cattle from the Neolithic to Early Medieval times from a number of different sites across Switzerland, combining newly presented data with previously published data (<i>n</i> = 20). We found that most cattle included (84) were members of the common European macro-haplogroup T3. However, cattle belonging to the haplogroups T1, T2, Q and P were identified as early as the Neolithic period, before 2690 cal. BCE. The highest diversity was found in the Neolithic period, during the 1st century CE and during the 7th–8th centuries CE. Bottleneck phases with low genetic diversity were detected during the Late Iron Age and from the fifth to the seventh century CE. Based on the F<sub>ST</sub> values, Horgen, Corded Ware and cattle populations from the seventh to the ninth century CE were plotted away from the clusters of all other populations. The periods with larger-sized cattle correspond with those of high mtDNA d-loop diversity. Phenotype and genotype both appear to respond to the same socio-economic and cultural processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:47:30Z |
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| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:47:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ebae3e934fe45b3b53e6499cc8d0c042023-11-18T01:06:37ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182023-05-0115568710.3390/d15050687The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in SwitzerlandJosé Granado0Elizabeth Wright1Robert Blatter2Jürg Lange3Meral Turgay4Laura Bañuelos5Sabine Deschler-Erb6Barbara Stopp7Elisabeth Marti-Grädel8Marguerita Schäfer9Idoia Grau-Sologestoa10Sandra Ammann11Debora Schmid12Alex R. Furger13Reto Marti14Jörg Schibler15Angela Schlumbaum16Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandBioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5NG, UKIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandRömerstadt Augusta Raurica, Giebenacherstrasse 17, CH 4302 Augst, SwitzerlandRömerstadt Augusta Raurica, Giebenacherstrasse 17, CH 4302 Augst, SwitzerlandRömerstadt Augusta Raurica, Giebenacherstrasse 17, CH 4302 Augst, SwitzerlandArchäologie Baselland, Amt für Kultur, Amtshausgasse 7, CH 4410 Liestal, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandIntegrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, CH 4055 Basel, SwitzerlandFluctuations in the size of taurine cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) have been regularly demonstrated using archaeozoological data from across time and space in Europe, and have been linked to cultural, social and economic changes, but little is known about whether phenotypic change is accompanied by changes in genetic diversity. Here, we performed PCR-typed analysis of the partial mtDNA d-loop fragments of 99 cattle from the Neolithic to Early Medieval times from a number of different sites across Switzerland, combining newly presented data with previously published data (<i>n</i> = 20). We found that most cattle included (84) were members of the common European macro-haplogroup T3. However, cattle belonging to the haplogroups T1, T2, Q and P were identified as early as the Neolithic period, before 2690 cal. BCE. The highest diversity was found in the Neolithic period, during the 1st century CE and during the 7th–8th centuries CE. Bottleneck phases with low genetic diversity were detected during the Late Iron Age and from the fifth to the seventh century CE. Based on the F<sub>ST</sub> values, Horgen, Corded Ware and cattle populations from the seventh to the ninth century CE were plotted away from the clusters of all other populations. The periods with larger-sized cattle correspond with those of high mtDNA d-loop diversity. Phenotype and genotype both appear to respond to the same socio-economic and cultural processes.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/5/687ancient DNAhaplogrouphaplotype<i>Bos taurus</i>Bronze AgeIron Age |
| spellingShingle | José Granado Elizabeth Wright Robert Blatter Jürg Lange Meral Turgay Laura Bañuelos Sabine Deschler-Erb Barbara Stopp Elisabeth Marti-Grädel Marguerita Schäfer Idoia Grau-Sologestoa Sandra Ammann Debora Schmid Alex R. Furger Reto Marti Jörg Schibler Angela Schlumbaum The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland Diversity ancient DNA haplogroup haplotype <i>Bos taurus</i> Bronze Age Iron Age |
| title | The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland |
| title_full | The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland |
| title_fullStr | The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland |
| title_full_unstemmed | The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland |
| title_short | The mtDNA D-Loop Legacy of Cattle: Fluctuations in Diversity from the Neolithic to Early Medieval Times in Switzerland |
| title_sort | mtdna d loop legacy of cattle fluctuations in diversity from the neolithic to early medieval times in switzerland |
| topic | ancient DNA haplogroup haplotype <i>Bos taurus</i> Bronze Age Iron Age |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/5/687 |
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