Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I
The article presents the results of the thermomagnetic analysis of pottery from the excavations of the Royal Church in the Palace Center of Veliki Preslav. The selected samples were found in stratigraphic layers that cover a broad chronological range – first half of the 10th until the middle of the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Bulgarian |
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Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, National Archaeological institute with Museum
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Приноси към българската археология |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://publications.naim.bg/index.php/CBA/article/view/244 |
| _version_ | 1811204980183400448 |
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| author | Maria Manolova-Voykova Petar Dimitrov Maria Kostadinova-Avramova |
| author_facet | Maria Manolova-Voykova Petar Dimitrov Maria Kostadinova-Avramova |
| author_sort | Maria Manolova-Voykova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
The article presents the results of the thermomagnetic analysis of pottery from the excavations of the Royal Church in the Palace Center of Veliki Preslav. The selected samples were found in stratigraphic layers that cover a broad chronological range – first half of the 10th until the middle of the 13th century. Amongst them are fragments of cooking vessels, tableware and amphorae, made with a hand-driven or pedal-driven potter`s wheel. According to their different technology of manufacture and decoration, they are divided into 13 groups (Table 1).
The analysis of the results for each of the tested groups leads to the following conclusions. During the 10th century, the pottery production in Veliki Preslav had a wide assortment that adhered to high technological standards. The firing temperatures of kitchenware are between 730 – 930 °C with an average of 818 ± 72 °C, while these of the glazed tableware are tendentiously higher varying from 890 to 950 °C with an average of 922 ± 28 °C (fig. 17). These high requirements to the quality of the ceramics production were directly related to the promotion of the town as a leading economic center of the country and the consequent rapid development of trade and crafts there.
In the course of the 10th and 11th centuries, pottery made on a hand-driven potter`s wheel was baked at temperatures between 730 °C and 950 °C. At higher temperatures ranging from 790 °C up to over 1000 °C, were fired vessels made on a pedal-driven potter`s wheel (fig. 16).
A radical change in the pottery production of Veliki Preslav occurred at the beginning of the 13th century. The temperatures of 750 – 790 °C were sufficient for firing of kitchenware in the 12th and 13th centuries (fig. 18). Tableware had an extremely rich repertoire, but its technical implementation was not always at a high level. Higher temperatures were obtainable in the kilns at firing table unglazed and glazed vessels – respectively 790 – 910 °C and 830 – 970 °C (fig. 18). Pottery with slip decoration was fired at an average temperature of 897 °C. The production of sgraffito ceramics, which started at the beginning of the 13th century, still lacked sustainable standards and vessels had been fired at various temperatures from 830 to 970 °C. Similar firing temperatures were identified for the amphorae from the considered periods (10th – 11th and 12th – 13th c.) – between 790 °C and 850 °C (fig. 17, 18).
Some further observations can be made about the ceramic production of Pliska and Veliki Preslav at comparing the results from the thermomagnetic analysis of samples representing both metropolitan centers (fig. 19 – 22). There are no significant temperature differences in the kitchenware and amphorae (fig. 19, 22). However, a clear trend exists for the tableware – glazed and non-glazed. Definitely higher firing temperatures correspond to the Veliki Preslav vessels (fig. 20, 21). This is probably due to the rise of the city as a leading production center, which is catalyzed by the intense economic relations with Byzantium and access to the technical innovations of the epoch.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:21:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ebddb9a2a5249f8a9f58837425dff3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1310-7976 2603-3410 |
| language | Bulgarian |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:21:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, National Archaeological institute with Museum |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Приноси към българската археология |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ebddb9a2a5249f8a9f58837425dff3a2022-12-22T03:49:51ZbulBulgarian Academy of Sciences, National Archaeological institute with MuseumПриноси към българската археология1310-79762603-34102019-11-019Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част IMaria Manolova-Voykova0Petar Dimitrov1Maria Kostadinova-Avramova2Regional Historical Museum – Varna, bul. Maria Luisa 41, VarnaNational Archaeological Institute with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Saborna Str., 1000 SofiaNational Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 3 Akad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia The article presents the results of the thermomagnetic analysis of pottery from the excavations of the Royal Church in the Palace Center of Veliki Preslav. The selected samples were found in stratigraphic layers that cover a broad chronological range – first half of the 10th until the middle of the 13th century. Amongst them are fragments of cooking vessels, tableware and amphorae, made with a hand-driven or pedal-driven potter`s wheel. According to their different technology of manufacture and decoration, they are divided into 13 groups (Table 1). The analysis of the results for each of the tested groups leads to the following conclusions. During the 10th century, the pottery production in Veliki Preslav had a wide assortment that adhered to high technological standards. The firing temperatures of kitchenware are between 730 – 930 °C with an average of 818 ± 72 °C, while these of the glazed tableware are tendentiously higher varying from 890 to 950 °C with an average of 922 ± 28 °C (fig. 17). These high requirements to the quality of the ceramics production were directly related to the promotion of the town as a leading economic center of the country and the consequent rapid development of trade and crafts there. In the course of the 10th and 11th centuries, pottery made on a hand-driven potter`s wheel was baked at temperatures between 730 °C and 950 °C. At higher temperatures ranging from 790 °C up to over 1000 °C, were fired vessels made on a pedal-driven potter`s wheel (fig. 16). A radical change in the pottery production of Veliki Preslav occurred at the beginning of the 13th century. The temperatures of 750 – 790 °C were sufficient for firing of kitchenware in the 12th and 13th centuries (fig. 18). Tableware had an extremely rich repertoire, but its technical implementation was not always at a high level. Higher temperatures were obtainable in the kilns at firing table unglazed and glazed vessels – respectively 790 – 910 °C and 830 – 970 °C (fig. 18). Pottery with slip decoration was fired at an average temperature of 897 °C. The production of sgraffito ceramics, which started at the beginning of the 13th century, still lacked sustainable standards and vessels had been fired at various temperatures from 830 to 970 °C. Similar firing temperatures were identified for the amphorae from the considered periods (10th – 11th and 12th – 13th c.) – between 790 °C and 850 °C (fig. 17, 18). Some further observations can be made about the ceramic production of Pliska and Veliki Preslav at comparing the results from the thermomagnetic analysis of samples representing both metropolitan centers (fig. 19 – 22). There are no significant temperature differences in the kitchenware and amphorae (fig. 19, 22). However, a clear trend exists for the tableware – glazed and non-glazed. Definitely higher firing temperatures correspond to the Veliki Preslav vessels (fig. 20, 21). This is probably due to the rise of the city as a leading production center, which is catalyzed by the intense economic relations with Byzantium and access to the technical innovations of the epoch. https://publications.naim.bg/index.php/CBA/article/view/244Veliki Preslavmedieval household potterythermomagnetic study |
| spellingShingle | Maria Manolova-Voykova Petar Dimitrov Maria Kostadinova-Avramova Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I Приноси към българската археология Veliki Preslav medieval household pottery thermomagnetic study |
| title | Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I |
| title_full | Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I |
| title_fullStr | Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I |
| title_full_unstemmed | Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I |
| title_short | Термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от Велики Преслав. Част I |
| title_sort | термомагнитно изследване на средновековна битова керамика от велики преслав част i |
| topic | Veliki Preslav medieval household pottery thermomagnetic study |
| url | https://publications.naim.bg/index.php/CBA/article/view/244 |
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