A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller
An energy-harvesting interface for kinetic energy harvesting from high-voltage piezoelectric and triboelectric generators is proposed in this paper. Unlike the conventional kinetic energy-harvesting interfaces optimized for continuous sinusoidal input, the proposed harvesting interface can efficient...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3685 |
| _version_ | 1811306303474106368 |
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| author | Hassan Saif Muhammad Bilawal Khan Jongmin Lee Kyoungho Lee Yoonmyung Lee |
| author_facet | Hassan Saif Muhammad Bilawal Khan Jongmin Lee Kyoungho Lee Yoonmyung Lee |
| author_sort | Hassan Saif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An energy-harvesting interface for kinetic energy harvesting from high-voltage piezoelectric and triboelectric generators is proposed in this paper. Unlike the conventional kinetic energy-harvesting interfaces optimized for continuous sinusoidal input, the proposed harvesting interface can efficiently handle irregular and random high voltage energy inputs. An N-type mosfet (NMOS)-only power stage design is introduced to simplify power switch drivers and minimize conduction loss. Controller active mode power is also reduced by introducing a new voltage peak detector. For efficient operation with potentially long intervals between random kinetic energy inputs, standby power consumption is minimized by monitoring the input with a 43 pW wake-up controller and power-gating all other circuits during the standby intervals. The proposed harvesting interface can harvest energy from a wide range of energy inputs, 10 s of nJ to 10 s of µJ energy/pulse, with an input voltage range of 5−200 V and an output range of 2.4−4 V under discontinuous as well as continuous excitation. The proposed interface is examined in two scenarios, with integrated power stage devices (maximum input 45 V) and with discrete power stage devices (maximum input 200 V), and the harvesting efficiency is improved by up to 600% and 1350%, respectively, compared to the case when harvesting is performed with a full bridge rectifier. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:41:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ec3a49aee944701997508ef1f09ef06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:41:59Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ec3a49aee944701997508ef1f09ef062022-12-22T02:53:51ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-08-011917368510.3390/s19173685s19173685A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current ControllerHassan Saif0Muhammad Bilawal Khan1Jongmin Lee2Kyoungho Lee3Yoonmyung Lee4College of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaCollege of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaCollege of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaKorea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon 51543, KoreaCollege of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaAn energy-harvesting interface for kinetic energy harvesting from high-voltage piezoelectric and triboelectric generators is proposed in this paper. Unlike the conventional kinetic energy-harvesting interfaces optimized for continuous sinusoidal input, the proposed harvesting interface can efficiently handle irregular and random high voltage energy inputs. An N-type mosfet (NMOS)-only power stage design is introduced to simplify power switch drivers and minimize conduction loss. Controller active mode power is also reduced by introducing a new voltage peak detector. For efficient operation with potentially long intervals between random kinetic energy inputs, standby power consumption is minimized by monitoring the input with a 43 pW wake-up controller and power-gating all other circuits during the standby intervals. The proposed harvesting interface can harvest energy from a wide range of energy inputs, 10 s of nJ to 10 s of µJ energy/pulse, with an input voltage range of 5−200 V and an output range of 2.4−4 V under discontinuous as well as continuous excitation. The proposed interface is examined in two scenarios, with integrated power stage devices (maximum input 45 V) and with discrete power stage devices (maximum input 200 V), and the harvesting efficiency is improved by up to 600% and 1350%, respectively, compared to the case when harvesting is performed with a full bridge rectifier.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3685high voltage harvesterpulse harvesterpiezoelectric energy harvestingtriboelectric energy harvestinglow quiescent currentwakeup controllervoltage peak detectorpower electronics circuitsstep-down converterwide voltage range |
| spellingShingle | Hassan Saif Muhammad Bilawal Khan Jongmin Lee Kyoungho Lee Yoonmyung Lee A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller Sensors high voltage harvester pulse harvester piezoelectric energy harvesting triboelectric energy harvesting low quiescent current wakeup controller voltage peak detector power electronics circuits step-down converter wide voltage range |
| title | A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller |
| title_full | A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller |
| title_fullStr | A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller |
| title_full_unstemmed | A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller |
| title_short | A High-Voltage Energy-Harvesting Interface for Irregular Kinetic Energy Harvesting in IoT Systems with 1365% Improvement Using All-NMOS Power Switches and Ultra-low Quiescent Current Controller |
| title_sort | high voltage energy harvesting interface for irregular kinetic energy harvesting in iot systems with 1365 improvement using all nmos power switches and ultra low quiescent current controller |
| topic | high voltage harvester pulse harvester piezoelectric energy harvesting triboelectric energy harvesting low quiescent current wakeup controller voltage peak detector power electronics circuits step-down converter wide voltage range |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3685 |
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