| Summary: | <i>Schizophyllum commune</i> is a causative agent of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, and basidiomycosis. Diagnosis of these diseases remains difficult because no commercially available tool exists to identify the pathogen. Unique volatile organic compounds produced by a pathogen might be useful for non-invasive diagnosis. Here, we explored microbial volatile organic compounds produced by <i>S. commune</i>. Volatile sulfur compounds, dimethyl disulfide (48 of 49 strains) and methyl ethyl disulfide (49 of 49 strains), diethyl disulfide (34 of 49 strains), dimethyl trisulfide (40 of 49 strains), and dimethyl tetrasulfide (32 of 49 strains) were detected from headspace air in <i>S. commune</i> cultured vials. Every <i>S. commune</i> strain produced at least one volatile sulfur compound analyzed in this study. Those volatile sulfur compounds were not detected from the cultures of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. (<i>A. fumigatus</i>, <i>A. flavus</i>, <i>A. niger</i>, and <i>A. terreus</i>), which are other major causative agents of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis. The last, we examined H<sub>2</sub>S detection using lead acetate paper. Headspace air from <i>S. commune</i> rapidly turned the lead acetate paper black. These results suggest that those volatile sulfur compounds are potent targets for the diagnosis of <i>S. commune</i> and infectious diseases.
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