The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat
Abstract Background The aging of the skin is considered a cumulative process that is classed as intrinsic or extrinsic. Environmental factors like sun exposure and air pollution are considered the main cause of extrinsic aging. Mainly, intrinsic aging reflects the genetic background and depends on t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-023-00347-5 |
| _version_ | 1797557440306216960 |
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| author | Khaled Sharafeldein Hanan Ayesh Safwatt Salama Azza M. Marei |
| author_facet | Khaled Sharafeldein Hanan Ayesh Safwatt Salama Azza M. Marei |
| author_sort | Khaled Sharafeldein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The aging of the skin is considered a cumulative process that is classed as intrinsic or extrinsic. Environmental factors like sun exposure and air pollution are considered the main cause of extrinsic aging. Mainly, intrinsic aging reflects the genetic background and depends on time. Spirulina platensis unicellular blue–green algae have a variety of biological and nutritional activities because of their high level of nutrients. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism by which spirulina extract (SE) may act anti-aging in female albino rats. Spirulina extract (20 mg/mL) was injected subcutaneously before UVA irradiation (2.16 J/cm2), daily for 7 days. The epidermal thickness and the collagen fibers layer were stained utilizing hematoxylin and eosin and Masson. Results SE induced significant improvements in the activities of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, down-regulating in expressions of inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and reverses excessive ROS levels. As well as , the recovery of collagen density and reduction in the production of matrix metalloproteinases were presented. Conclusions The results found that spirulina extract may delay the signs of skin aging by enhancing collagen as well as antioxidant activities and inhibiting collagen degradation and inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:17:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ecb68a98da642c1943957b8f5bba25e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-990X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:17:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ecb68a98da642c1943957b8f5bba25e2023-11-20T10:27:39ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Basic and Applied Zoology2090-990X2023-09-018411910.1186/s41936-023-00347-5The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino ratKhaled Sharafeldein0Hanan Ayesh1Safwatt Salama2Azza M. Marei3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha UniversityDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha UniversityEgyptian Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and TechnologyDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha UniversityAbstract Background The aging of the skin is considered a cumulative process that is classed as intrinsic or extrinsic. Environmental factors like sun exposure and air pollution are considered the main cause of extrinsic aging. Mainly, intrinsic aging reflects the genetic background and depends on time. Spirulina platensis unicellular blue–green algae have a variety of biological and nutritional activities because of their high level of nutrients. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism by which spirulina extract (SE) may act anti-aging in female albino rats. Spirulina extract (20 mg/mL) was injected subcutaneously before UVA irradiation (2.16 J/cm2), daily for 7 days. The epidermal thickness and the collagen fibers layer were stained utilizing hematoxylin and eosin and Masson. Results SE induced significant improvements in the activities of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, down-regulating in expressions of inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and reverses excessive ROS levels. As well as , the recovery of collagen density and reduction in the production of matrix metalloproteinases were presented. Conclusions The results found that spirulina extract may delay the signs of skin aging by enhancing collagen as well as antioxidant activities and inhibiting collagen degradation and inflammation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-023-00347-5CollagenSkin agingOxidationSpirulinaAlgae |
| spellingShingle | Khaled Sharafeldein Hanan Ayesh Safwatt Salama Azza M. Marei The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology Collagen Skin aging Oxidation Spirulina Algae |
| title | The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| title_full | The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| title_fullStr | The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| title_short | The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| title_sort | collagen enhancement by spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat |
| topic | Collagen Skin aging Oxidation Spirulina Algae |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-023-00347-5 |
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