A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have emerged as highly sought-after alloys in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering industries due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. The addition of alloying elements plays a critical role in improving the performance of these Mg alloys, with...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/2/128 |
| _version_ | 1826581926105841664 |
|---|---|
| author | Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq Muhammad Ishtiaq Hyun-Hak Kang Umer Masood Chaudry Tea-Sung Jun |
| author_facet | Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq Muhammad Ishtiaq Hyun-Hak Kang Umer Masood Chaudry Tea-Sung Jun |
| author_sort | Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnesium (Mg) alloys have emerged as highly sought-after alloys in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering industries due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. The addition of alloying elements plays a critical role in improving the performance of these Mg alloys, with rare-earth (RE) elements being especially helpful in improving mechanical properties, specifically strength and ductility. However, due to the higher cost and limited availability of RE elements, researchers are trying to explore non-rare-earth (non-RE) alternatives, such as aluminum, calcium, zinc, etc. These non-RE elements offer various advantages including cost effectiveness and enhanced manufacturability, but they may not always match the performance improvements of RE elements. This review critically examines and compares the effects of RE and non-RE alloying elements on the microstructural evolution, corrosion resistance, and strengthening implications of Mg alloys. Furthermore, it explores the recent advancements in alloy development and evaluates the trade-offs between RE and non-RE alloying elements, offering key insights into the optimal approaches for enhancing the performance of Mg alloys across various applications. |
| first_indexed | 2025-03-14T14:57:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ed170e9d329451ebab27b5f09aae842 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-14T14:57:49Z |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ed170e9d329451ebab27b5f09aae8422025-02-25T13:38:20ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-01-0115212810.3390/met15020128A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium AlloysHafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq0Muhammad Ishtiaq1Hyun-Hak Kang2Umer Masood Chaudry3Tea-Sung Jun4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaResearch Institute for Engineering and Technology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaMagnesium (Mg) alloys have emerged as highly sought-after alloys in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering industries due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. The addition of alloying elements plays a critical role in improving the performance of these Mg alloys, with rare-earth (RE) elements being especially helpful in improving mechanical properties, specifically strength and ductility. However, due to the higher cost and limited availability of RE elements, researchers are trying to explore non-rare-earth (non-RE) alternatives, such as aluminum, calcium, zinc, etc. These non-RE elements offer various advantages including cost effectiveness and enhanced manufacturability, but they may not always match the performance improvements of RE elements. This review critically examines and compares the effects of RE and non-RE alloying elements on the microstructural evolution, corrosion resistance, and strengthening implications of Mg alloys. Furthermore, it explores the recent advancements in alloy development and evaluates the trade-offs between RE and non-RE alloying elements, offering key insights into the optimal approaches for enhancing the performance of Mg alloys across various applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/2/128rare earthnon-rare earthMg alloysprecipitation hardeningtexture weakening |
| spellingShingle | Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq Muhammad Ishtiaq Hyun-Hak Kang Umer Masood Chaudry Tea-Sung Jun A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys Metals rare earth non-rare earth Mg alloys precipitation hardening texture weakening |
| title | A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys |
| title_full | A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys |
| title_fullStr | A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys |
| title_short | A Critical Review on the Comparative Assessment of Rare-Earth and Non-Rare-Earth Alloying in Magnesium Alloys |
| title_sort | critical review on the comparative assessment of rare earth and non rare earth alloying in magnesium alloys |
| topic | rare earth non-rare earth Mg alloys precipitation hardening texture weakening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/2/128 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hafizmuhammadrehantariq acriticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT muhammadishtiaq acriticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT hyunhakkang acriticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT umermasoodchaudry acriticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT teasungjun acriticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT hafizmuhammadrehantariq criticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT muhammadishtiaq criticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT hyunhakkang criticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT umermasoodchaudry criticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys AT teasungjun criticalreviewonthecomparativeassessmentofrareearthandnonrareearthalloyinginmagnesiumalloys |