Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids (JMBF) from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim., an important industrial crop in China, was investigated in the present study. To improve the extraction efficiency of JMBF, suitable UAE was proposed after optimization using a hybrid respon...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4837 |
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| author | Guodong Chu Rui Liang Chenmeng Wan Jing Yang Jing Li Ruinan Wang Linna Du Ruixin Lin |
| author_facet | Guodong Chu Rui Liang Chenmeng Wan Jing Yang Jing Li Ruinan Wang Linna Du Ruixin Lin |
| author_sort | Guodong Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids (JMBF) from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim., an important industrial crop in China, was investigated in the present study. To improve the extraction efficiency of JMBF, suitable UAE was proposed after optimization using a hybrid response surface methodology–artificial neural network–genetic algorithm approach (RSM–ANN–GA). The maximum extraction yield (6.28 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>) of JMBF was achieved using the following optimum UAE conditions: ethanol concentration, 62%; solid–liquid ratio, 1:20 g·mL<sup>−1</sup>; ultrasonic power, 228 W; extraction temperature, 60 °C; extraction time, 40 min; total number of extractions, 1. Through the investigation of extraction kinetics, UAE offered a higher saturated concentration (<i>C<sub>s</sub></i>) for JMBF in comparison to traditional solvent extraction (TSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that deeper holes were generated in <i>J. mandshurica</i> powder under the action of ultrasound, indicating that ultrasound significantly changed the structure of the plant materials to facilitate the dissolution of active substances. Extracts obtained using UAE and TSE were compared by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, the results of which revealed that the functional group of bioactive compounds in the extract was unaffected by the ultrasonication process. Moreover, JMBF was further shown to exhibit significant antioxidant properties in vitro. This study provides a basis for the application of JMBF as a natural antioxidant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:09:53Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:09:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ed33f1881d242498f0279bbfe97825a2023-12-03T12:50:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-07-012715483710.3390/molecules27154837Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant PotentialGuodong Chu0Rui Liang1Chenmeng Wan2Jing Yang3Jing Li4Ruinan Wang5Linna Du6Ruixin Lin7Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, ChinaUltrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids (JMBF) from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim., an important industrial crop in China, was investigated in the present study. To improve the extraction efficiency of JMBF, suitable UAE was proposed after optimization using a hybrid response surface methodology–artificial neural network–genetic algorithm approach (RSM–ANN–GA). The maximum extraction yield (6.28 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>) of JMBF was achieved using the following optimum UAE conditions: ethanol concentration, 62%; solid–liquid ratio, 1:20 g·mL<sup>−1</sup>; ultrasonic power, 228 W; extraction temperature, 60 °C; extraction time, 40 min; total number of extractions, 1. Through the investigation of extraction kinetics, UAE offered a higher saturated concentration (<i>C<sub>s</sub></i>) for JMBF in comparison to traditional solvent extraction (TSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that deeper holes were generated in <i>J. mandshurica</i> powder under the action of ultrasound, indicating that ultrasound significantly changed the structure of the plant materials to facilitate the dissolution of active substances. Extracts obtained using UAE and TSE were compared by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, the results of which revealed that the functional group of bioactive compounds in the extract was unaffected by the ultrasonication process. Moreover, JMBF was further shown to exhibit significant antioxidant properties in vitro. This study provides a basis for the application of JMBF as a natural antioxidant.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4837ultrasonic-assisted extraction<i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.flavonoidsartificial neural networkantioxidant |
| spellingShingle | Guodong Chu Rui Liang Chenmeng Wan Jing Yang Jing Li Ruinan Wang Linna Du Ruixin Lin Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential Molecules ultrasonic-assisted extraction <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim. flavonoids artificial neural network antioxidant |
| title | Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential |
| title_full | Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential |
| title_short | Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential |
| title_sort | ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids from i juglans mandshurica i maxim artificial intelligence based optimization kinetics estimation and antioxidant potential |
| topic | ultrasonic-assisted extraction <i>Juglans mandshurica</i> Maxim. flavonoids artificial neural network antioxidant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4837 |
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