Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal
Fall risk prediction is an important issue for the elderly. A center of pressure signal, derived from a force plate, is useful for the estimation of body calibration. However, it is still difficult to distinguish elderly people’s fall history by using a force plate signal. In this study, older adult...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/472 |
| _version_ | 1797537443757424640 |
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| author | Li-Wei Chou Kang-Ming Chang Yi-Chun Wei Mei-Kuei Lu |
| author_facet | Li-Wei Chou Kang-Ming Chang Yi-Chun Wei Mei-Kuei Lu |
| author_sort | Li-Wei Chou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fall risk prediction is an important issue for the elderly. A center of pressure signal, derived from a force plate, is useful for the estimation of body calibration. However, it is still difficult to distinguish elderly people’s fall history by using a force plate signal. In this study, older adults with and without a history of falls were recruited to stand still for 60 s on a force plate. Forces in the x, y and z directions (Fx, Fy, and Fz) and center of pressure in the anteroposterior (COPx) and mediolateral directions (COPy) were derived. There were 49 subjects in the non-fall group, with an average age of 71.67 (standard derivation: 6.56). There were also 27 subjects in the fall group, with an average age of 70.66 (standard derivation: 6.38). Five signal series—forces in x, y, z (Fx, Fy, Fz), COPX, and COPy directions—were used. These five signals were further decomposed with empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with seven intrinsic mode functions. Time domain features (mean, standard derivation and coefficient of variations) and entropy features (approximate entropy and sample entropy) of the original signals and EMD-derived signals were extracted. Results showed that features extracted from the raw COP data did not differ significantly between the fall and non-fall groups. There were 10 features extracted using EMD, with significant differences observed among fall and non-fall groups. These included four features from COPx and two features from COPy, Fx and Fz. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:16:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ed4c26cd9774b9497402d8f82317981 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:16:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ed4c26cd9774b9497402d8f823179812023-11-21T15:51:13ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002021-04-0123447210.3390/e23040472Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate SignalLi-Wei Chou0Kang-Ming Chang1Yi-Chun Wei2Mei-Kuei Lu3Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, TaiwanDepartment of Early Childhood Education, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, TaiwanFall risk prediction is an important issue for the elderly. A center of pressure signal, derived from a force plate, is useful for the estimation of body calibration. However, it is still difficult to distinguish elderly people’s fall history by using a force plate signal. In this study, older adults with and without a history of falls were recruited to stand still for 60 s on a force plate. Forces in the x, y and z directions (Fx, Fy, and Fz) and center of pressure in the anteroposterior (COPx) and mediolateral directions (COPy) were derived. There were 49 subjects in the non-fall group, with an average age of 71.67 (standard derivation: 6.56). There were also 27 subjects in the fall group, with an average age of 70.66 (standard derivation: 6.38). Five signal series—forces in x, y, z (Fx, Fy, Fz), COPX, and COPy directions—were used. These five signals were further decomposed with empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with seven intrinsic mode functions. Time domain features (mean, standard derivation and coefficient of variations) and entropy features (approximate entropy and sample entropy) of the original signals and EMD-derived signals were extracted. Results showed that features extracted from the raw COP data did not differ significantly between the fall and non-fall groups. There were 10 features extracted using EMD, with significant differences observed among fall and non-fall groups. These included four features from COPx and two features from COPy, Fx and Fz.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/472fall riskapproximate entropysample entropyempirical mode decompositionintrinsic mode functions |
| spellingShingle | Li-Wei Chou Kang-Ming Chang Yi-Chun Wei Mei-Kuei Lu Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal Entropy fall risk approximate entropy sample entropy empirical mode decomposition intrinsic mode functions |
| title | Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal |
| title_full | Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal |
| title_fullStr | Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal |
| title_short | Empirical Mode Decomposition-Derived Entropy Features Are Beneficial to Distinguish Elderly People with a Falling History on a Force Plate Signal |
| title_sort | empirical mode decomposition derived entropy features are beneficial to distinguish elderly people with a falling history on a force plate signal |
| topic | fall risk approximate entropy sample entropy empirical mode decomposition intrinsic mode functions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/472 |
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