Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques
Incremental techniques are always required for clinical cases of deep and/or large cavities restored with resin composite materials. The purpose of this study was to examine the bonding states of class 2 direct resin composite restoration applied by various incremental techniques after cyclic loadin...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/20/6037 |
| _version_ | 1797514025988259840 |
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| author | Misato Okada Masahiko Maeno Yoichiro Nara |
| author_facet | Misato Okada Masahiko Maeno Yoichiro Nara |
| author_sort | Misato Okada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Incremental techniques are always required for clinical cases of deep and/or large cavities restored with resin composite materials. The purpose of this study was to examine the bonding states of class 2 direct resin composite restoration applied by various incremental techniques after cyclic loading to simulate the intra-oral environment to define the appropriate technique. Three types of resin composites, namely, bulk-fill (B), flowable (F), and conventional resin composite (C), were applied to standardized class 2 cavities by incremental techniques with single- or bi-resin restoratives. After cyclic loading, the micro-tensile bond strength (μ-TBS) of the dentin cavity floor was measured. The Weibull modulus and Weibull stress values at 10%/90% probability of failure were analyzed. Single-resin incremental restorations with B or F and bi-resin incremental restorations with F + B and F + C demonstrated superior μ-TBS (quantitative ability), bonding reliability, and durability (qualitative ability) compared with the single-resin restoration with C (as control). Furthermore, F + B and F + C restoration yielded an excellent performance compared with the single-resin restorations with B, F, and C. In particular, the F + C restoration, which indicates not only the maximum mean µ-TBS, but also the highest values of the Weibull parameters, may be the optimal restoration method, including the esthetic benefits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:25:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ede08714d7e4be088c46e139f119eb5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:25:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ede08714d7e4be088c46e139f119eb52023-11-22T18:58:07ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-10-011420603710.3390/ma14206037Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental TechniquesMisato Okada0Masahiko Maeno1Yoichiro Nara2Department of Adhesive Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanDepartment of Adhesive Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanDepartment of Adhesive Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanIncremental techniques are always required for clinical cases of deep and/or large cavities restored with resin composite materials. The purpose of this study was to examine the bonding states of class 2 direct resin composite restoration applied by various incremental techniques after cyclic loading to simulate the intra-oral environment to define the appropriate technique. Three types of resin composites, namely, bulk-fill (B), flowable (F), and conventional resin composite (C), were applied to standardized class 2 cavities by incremental techniques with single- or bi-resin restoratives. After cyclic loading, the micro-tensile bond strength (μ-TBS) of the dentin cavity floor was measured. The Weibull modulus and Weibull stress values at 10%/90% probability of failure were analyzed. Single-resin incremental restorations with B or F and bi-resin incremental restorations with F + B and F + C demonstrated superior μ-TBS (quantitative ability), bonding reliability, and durability (qualitative ability) compared with the single-resin restoration with C (as control). Furthermore, F + B and F + C restoration yielded an excellent performance compared with the single-resin restorations with B, F, and C. In particular, the F + C restoration, which indicates not only the maximum mean µ-TBS, but also the highest values of the Weibull parameters, may be the optimal restoration method, including the esthetic benefits.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/20/6037bonding statedirect resin composite restorationclass 2 restorationincremental techniquemicro-tensile bond strengthcyclic loading |
| spellingShingle | Misato Okada Masahiko Maeno Yoichiro Nara Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques Materials bonding state direct resin composite restoration class 2 restoration incremental technique micro-tensile bond strength cyclic loading |
| title | Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques |
| title_full | Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques |
| title_fullStr | Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques |
| title_short | Bonding States of In Vitro Class 2 Direct Resin Composite Restoration Applied by Various Incremental Techniques |
| title_sort | bonding states of in vitro class 2 direct resin composite restoration applied by various incremental techniques |
| topic | bonding state direct resin composite restoration class 2 restoration incremental technique micro-tensile bond strength cyclic loading |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/20/6037 |
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