Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer, widely used in gas-sensing applications. Due to its classification as a semiconductor, PANI is also used to detect reducing ammonia gas (NH<sub>3</sub>), which is a well-known and studied topic. However, easier, cheaper and more straightforward...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/169 |
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| author | Anja Korent Kristina Žagar Soderžnik Sašo Šturm Kristina Žužek Rožman Nathalie Redon Jean-Luc Wojkiewicz Caroline Duc |
| author_facet | Anja Korent Kristina Žagar Soderžnik Sašo Šturm Kristina Žužek Rožman Nathalie Redon Jean-Luc Wojkiewicz Caroline Duc |
| author_sort | Anja Korent |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer, widely used in gas-sensing applications. Due to its classification as a semiconductor, PANI is also used to detect reducing ammonia gas (NH<sub>3</sub>), which is a well-known and studied topic. However, easier, cheaper and more straightforward procedures for sensor fabrication are still the subject of much research. In the presented work, we describe a novel, more controllable, synthesis approach to creating NH<sub>3</sub> PANI-based receptor elements. The PANI was electrochemically deposited via cyclic voltammetry (CV) on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). The morphology, composition and surface of the deposited PANI layer on the Au electrode were characterised with electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and profilometry. Prior to the gas-chamber measurement, the SPE was suitably modified by Au sputtering the individual connections between the three-electrode system, thus showing a feasible way of converting a conventional three-electrode electrochemical SPE system into a two-electrode NH<sub>3</sub>-gas detecting system. The feasibility of the gas measurements’ characterisation was improved using the gas analyser. The gas-sensing ability of the PANI-Au-SPE was studied in the range 32–1100 ppb of NH<sub>3</sub>, and the sensor performed well in terms of repeatability, reproducibility and sensitivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:41:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3f062c73182d4f60947b1908fb4fd26b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-3f062c73182d4f60947b1908fb4fd26b2023-11-21T02:58:17ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-12-0121116910.3390/s21010169Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode SystemsAnja Korent0Kristina Žagar Soderžnik1Sašo Šturm2Kristina Žužek Rožman3Nathalie Redon4Jean-Luc Wojkiewicz5Caroline Duc6Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaIMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, FranceIMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, FranceIMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, FrancePolyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer, widely used in gas-sensing applications. Due to its classification as a semiconductor, PANI is also used to detect reducing ammonia gas (NH<sub>3</sub>), which is a well-known and studied topic. However, easier, cheaper and more straightforward procedures for sensor fabrication are still the subject of much research. In the presented work, we describe a novel, more controllable, synthesis approach to creating NH<sub>3</sub> PANI-based receptor elements. The PANI was electrochemically deposited via cyclic voltammetry (CV) on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). The morphology, composition and surface of the deposited PANI layer on the Au electrode were characterised with electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and profilometry. Prior to the gas-chamber measurement, the SPE was suitably modified by Au sputtering the individual connections between the three-electrode system, thus showing a feasible way of converting a conventional three-electrode electrochemical SPE system into a two-electrode NH<sub>3</sub>-gas detecting system. The feasibility of the gas measurements’ characterisation was improved using the gas analyser. The gas-sensing ability of the PANI-Au-SPE was studied in the range 32–1100 ppb of NH<sub>3</sub>, and the sensor performed well in terms of repeatability, reproducibility and sensitivity.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/169cyclic voltammetry (CV)electropolymerisationNH<sub>3</sub> detectionpolyaniline (PANI)screen-printed electrode (SPE) |
| spellingShingle | Anja Korent Kristina Žagar Soderžnik Sašo Šturm Kristina Žužek Rožman Nathalie Redon Jean-Luc Wojkiewicz Caroline Duc Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems Sensors cyclic voltammetry (CV) electropolymerisation NH<sub>3</sub> detection polyaniline (PANI) screen-printed electrode (SPE) |
| title | Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems |
| title_full | Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems |
| title_fullStr | Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems |
| title_short | Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems |
| title_sort | facile fabrication of an ammonia gas sensor using electrochemically synthesised polyaniline on commercial screen printed three electrode systems |
| topic | cyclic voltammetry (CV) electropolymerisation NH<sub>3</sub> detection polyaniline (PANI) screen-printed electrode (SPE) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/169 |
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