Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
<i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (<i>G. pyloalis</i>) causes significant damage to mulberry every year, and we currently lack effective and environmentally friendly ways to control the pest. Chitin synthase (CHS) is a critical regulatory enzyme related to chitin biosynthesis,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4656 |
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| author | Zuo-Min Shao Yi-Jiangcheng Li Jian-Hao Ding Zhi-Xiang Liu Xiao-Rui Zhang Jun Wang Sheng Sheng Fu-An Wu |
| author_facet | Zuo-Min Shao Yi-Jiangcheng Li Jian-Hao Ding Zhi-Xiang Liu Xiao-Rui Zhang Jun Wang Sheng Sheng Fu-An Wu |
| author_sort | Zuo-Min Shao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (<i>G. pyloalis</i>) causes significant damage to mulberry every year, and we currently lack effective and environmentally friendly ways to control the pest. Chitin synthase (CHS) is a critical regulatory enzyme related to chitin biosynthesis, which plays a vital role in the growth and development of insects. The function of CHS in <i>G. pyloalis</i>, however, has not been studied. In this study, two chitin synthase genes (<i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i>) were screened from our previously created transcriptome database. The complete coding sequences of the two genes are 5,955 bp and 5,896 bp, respectively. Expression of <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> could be detected throughout all developmental stages. Relatively high expression levels of <i>GpCHSA</i> occurred in the head and integument and <i>GpCHSB</i> was most highly expressed in the midgut. Moreover, silencing of <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> using dsRNA reduced expression of downstream chitin metabolism pathway genes and resulted in abnormal development and wings stretching, but did not affect normal pupating of larvae. Furthermore, the inhibitor of chitin synthesis diflubenzuron (DFB) was used to further validate the RNAi result. DFB treatment significantly improved expression of <i>GpCHSA</i>, except <i>GpCHSB</i>, and their downstream genes, and also effected <i>G. Pyloali</i> molting at 48 h (62% mortality rate) and 72 h (90% mortality rate), respectively. These results show that <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> play critical roles in the development and wing stretching in <i>G. pyloalis</i> adults, indicating that the genes are attractive potential pest control targets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:47:18Z |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:47:18Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3f062cdeec424718ae3184669b9103452023-11-20T05:25:26ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-06-012113465610.3390/ijms21134656Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)Zuo-Min Shao0Yi-Jiangcheng Li1Jian-Hao Ding2Zhi-Xiang Liu3Xiao-Rui Zhang4Jun Wang5Sheng Sheng6Fu-An Wu7Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China<i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (<i>G. pyloalis</i>) causes significant damage to mulberry every year, and we currently lack effective and environmentally friendly ways to control the pest. Chitin synthase (CHS) is a critical regulatory enzyme related to chitin biosynthesis, which plays a vital role in the growth and development of insects. The function of CHS in <i>G. pyloalis</i>, however, has not been studied. In this study, two chitin synthase genes (<i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i>) were screened from our previously created transcriptome database. The complete coding sequences of the two genes are 5,955 bp and 5,896 bp, respectively. Expression of <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> could be detected throughout all developmental stages. Relatively high expression levels of <i>GpCHSA</i> occurred in the head and integument and <i>GpCHSB</i> was most highly expressed in the midgut. Moreover, silencing of <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> using dsRNA reduced expression of downstream chitin metabolism pathway genes and resulted in abnormal development and wings stretching, but did not affect normal pupating of larvae. Furthermore, the inhibitor of chitin synthesis diflubenzuron (DFB) was used to further validate the RNAi result. DFB treatment significantly improved expression of <i>GpCHSA</i>, except <i>GpCHSB</i>, and their downstream genes, and also effected <i>G. Pyloali</i> molting at 48 h (62% mortality rate) and 72 h (90% mortality rate), respectively. These results show that <i>GpCHSA</i> and <i>GpCHSB</i> play critical roles in the development and wing stretching in <i>G. pyloalis</i> adults, indicating that the genes are attractive potential pest control targets.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4656<i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walkerchitin synthaseDFBRNA interferencepest control |
| spellingShingle | Zuo-Min Shao Yi-Jiangcheng Li Jian-Hao Ding Zhi-Xiang Liu Xiao-Rui Zhang Jun Wang Sheng Sheng Fu-An Wu Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker chitin synthase DFB RNA interference pest control |
| title | Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
| title_full | Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
| title_fullStr | Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
| title_short | Identification, Characterization, and Functional Analysis of Chitin Synthase Genes in <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
| title_sort | identification characterization and functional analysis of chitin synthase genes in i glyphodes pyloalis i walker lepidoptera pyralidae |
| topic | <i>Glyphodes pyloalis</i> Walker chitin synthase DFB RNA interference pest control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4656 |
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