Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women?
The number of aged individuals is increasing worldwide, rendering essential the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related alterations, which could facilitate the development of interventions contributing to “successful aging” and improving quality of life. Cardiovascular diseases...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/44 |
| _version_ | 1827666376027799552 |
|---|---|
| author | Silvia Migliaccio Viviana M. Bimonte Zein Mersini Besharat Claudia Sabato Andrea Lenzi Clara Crescioli Elisabetta Ferretti |
| author_facet | Silvia Migliaccio Viviana M. Bimonte Zein Mersini Besharat Claudia Sabato Andrea Lenzi Clara Crescioli Elisabetta Ferretti |
| author_sort | Silvia Migliaccio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The number of aged individuals is increasing worldwide, rendering essential the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related alterations, which could facilitate the development of interventions contributing to “successful aging” and improving quality of life. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include pathologies affecting the heart or blood vessels, such as hypertension, peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease. Indeed, age-associated modifications in body composition, hormonal, nutritional and metabolic factors, as well as a decline in physical activity are all involved in the increased risk of developing atherogenic alterations that raise the risk of CVD development. Several factors have been reported to play a role in the alterations observed in muscle and endothelial cells and that lead to increased CVD, such as genetic pattern, smoking and unhealthy lifestyle. Moreover, a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men has been reported. Interestingly, in the past decades attention has been focused on a potential role of several pollutants that disrupt human health by interfering with hormonal pathways, and more specifically in non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes and CVD. This review will focus on the potential alteration induced by Endocrine Disruptors (Eds) in the attempt to characterize a potential role in the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the atheromatous degeneration process and CVD progression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:50:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3f0f65714afe4358ac3679c03db3724d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:50:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3f0f65714afe4358ac3679c03db3724d2023-11-23T13:06:10ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-12-011214410.3390/biom12010044Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women?Silvia Migliaccio0Viviana M. Bimonte1Zein Mersini Besharat2Claudia Sabato3Andrea Lenzi4Clara Crescioli5Elisabetta Ferretti6Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyThe number of aged individuals is increasing worldwide, rendering essential the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related alterations, which could facilitate the development of interventions contributing to “successful aging” and improving quality of life. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include pathologies affecting the heart or blood vessels, such as hypertension, peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease. Indeed, age-associated modifications in body composition, hormonal, nutritional and metabolic factors, as well as a decline in physical activity are all involved in the increased risk of developing atherogenic alterations that raise the risk of CVD development. Several factors have been reported to play a role in the alterations observed in muscle and endothelial cells and that lead to increased CVD, such as genetic pattern, smoking and unhealthy lifestyle. Moreover, a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men has been reported. Interestingly, in the past decades attention has been focused on a potential role of several pollutants that disrupt human health by interfering with hormonal pathways, and more specifically in non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes and CVD. This review will focus on the potential alteration induced by Endocrine Disruptors (Eds) in the attempt to characterize a potential role in the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the atheromatous degeneration process and CVD progression.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/44endocrine disruptorswomenatherosclerosiscadmiumbisphenol Ainflammatory cytokines |
| spellingShingle | Silvia Migliaccio Viviana M. Bimonte Zein Mersini Besharat Claudia Sabato Andrea Lenzi Clara Crescioli Elisabetta Ferretti Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? Biomolecules endocrine disruptors women atherosclerosis cadmium bisphenol A inflammatory cytokines |
| title | Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? |
| title_full | Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? |
| title_fullStr | Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? |
| title_short | Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women? |
| title_sort | environmental contaminants acting as endocrine disruptors modulate atherogenic processes new risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in women |
| topic | endocrine disruptors women atherosclerosis cadmium bisphenol A inflammatory cytokines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/44 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT silviamigliaccio environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT vivianambimonte environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT zeinmersinibesharat environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT claudiasabato environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT andrealenzi environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT claracrescioli environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen AT elisabettaferretti environmentalcontaminantsactingasendocrinedisruptorsmodulateatherogenicprocessesnewriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesinwomen |