<sec><title>BACKGROUND:</title> Onychomycosis is a type of fungal infection that accounts for over 50% of all onycopathies. Some authors consider superficial mycosis the most difficult to be treated. Very few studies have been carried out in order to assess the epidemiology of onyc...

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Main Authors: Nilton Di Chiacchio, Maria Victoria Suarez, Celso Luís Madeira, Walter Refkalefsky Loureiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia 2013-02-01
Series:Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-05962013000700003
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Summary:<sec><title>BACKGROUND:</title> Onychomycosis is a type of fungal infection that accounts for over 50% of all onycopathies. Some authors consider superficial mycosis the most difficult to be treated. Very few studies have been carried out in order to assess the epidemiology of onychomycosis in Brazil.</sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE:</title> To describe the epidemiological profile of onychomycosis in Brazilian dermatology offices and to assess the etiology of the disease, how often mycosis exams are requested, and the treatment adopted.</sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title> A descriptive, observational study was carried out between May and July, 2010. Thirty-eight dermatologists from different Brazilian regions participated in the study, and 7,852 patients with any skin diseases who had all of their nails examined were included in the study.</sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title> Of the 7,852 patients, 28.3% were clinically diagnosed as having onychomycosis. Women over 45 years old who practiced exercises or with a personal history of the disease showed greater likelihood of having onychomycosis. The disease was most seen in the feet, and the majority of cases involved the hallux. On the hands, the index finger was the most affected. Mycosis exams were not requested for all clinically suspected cases. When exams were done, results showed that the most common fungus was Trichophyton rubrum. The most common clinical lesion was distal-lateral. The most prescribed topical treatments were amorolfine and ciclopirox olamine, while systemic treatments included fluconazole and terbinafine.</sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title> This study was important to describe the epidemiological behavior of onychomycosis in Brazilian dermatology offices and to determine important risk factors, such as gender, age, practice of exercises, personal history of the disease, and comorbidities.</sec><br><sec><title>BACKGROUND:</title> Fundamentos: As onicomicoses s&#227;o infec&#231;&#245;es f&#250;ngicas que representam mais de 50% de todas onicopatias e s&#227;o consideradas por alguns autores a micose superficial de mais dif&#237;cil tratamento. Poucos estudos foram feitos para investigar a epidemiologia da onicomicose no Brasil. </sec><sec><title>OBJETIVO:</title> Descrever perfil epidemiol&#243;gico da onicomicose nos consult&#243;rios brasileiros de dermatologia. Tamb&#233;m observar a etiologia, a freq&#252;&#234;ncia da solicita&#231;&#227;o do exame micol&#243;gico e a terapia empregada. </sec><sec><title>M&#201;TODOS:</title> Foi realizado um estudo descritivo e observacional no per&#237;odo de Maio a Julho de 2010. Participaram 38 dermatologistas de diferentes regi&#245;es do Brasil e foram inclu&#237;dos 7852 pacientes. </sec><sec><title>RESULTADOS:</title> Dos 7852 pacientes, 28.3% apresentaram diagn&#243;stico de onicomicose. Mulheres, maiores de 45 anos, praticantes de esportes, ou com hist&#243;rico pessoal da doen&#231;a, apresentaram chance maior de adquirir onicomicose. A doen&#231;a foi mais frequente nos p&#233;s, sendo o h&#225;lux, o dedo mais acometido. Nas m&#227;os, o primeiro dedo foi o mais atingido. Exame micol&#243;gico n&#227;o foi solicitado para todos os casos. Quando realizado, o fungo mais freq&#252;ente foi o Trichophyton rubrum. A les&#227;o clinica mais comum foi a distal-lateral. Os tratamentos t&#243;picos mais prescritos foram amorolfina e ciclopirox olamina, enquanto os sist&#234;micos foram o fluconazol e a terbinafina. </sec><sec><title>CONCLUS&#195;O:</title> Este estudo foi de fundamental import&#226;ncia para descrever o comportamento epidemiol&#243;gico da onicomicose nos consult&#243;rios dermatol&#243;gicos brasileiros e determinar fatores de risco, como g&#234;nero, idade, pr&#225;tica de esportes, antecedente pessoal de onicomicose e comorbidades. Esperamos contribuir na melhora da abordagem terap&#234;utica e preven&#231;&#227;o desta doen&#231;a. </sec>
ISSN:0365-0596
1806-4841