A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study
BackgroundThe incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than any other major cancer both in Brazil and worldwide. Southeast Brazil has especially high incidences of melanoma, and early detection is low. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary risk factor for developing melanoma. Increas...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JMIR Publications
2018-03-01
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| Series: | JMIR mHealth and uHealth |
| Online Access: | http://mhealth.jmir.org/2018/3/e60/ |
| _version_ | 1818322358392324096 |
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| author | Brinker, Titus Josef Heckl, Marlene Gatzka, Martina Heppt, Markus V Resende Rodrigues, Henrique Schneider, Sven Sondermann, Wiebke de Almeida e Silva, Carolina Kirchberger, Michael C Klode, Joachim Enk, Alexander H Knispel, Sarah von Kalle, Christof Stoffels, Ingo Schadendorf, Dirk Nakamura, Yasuhiro Esser, Stefan Assis, Aisllan Bernardes-Souza, Breno |
| author_facet | Brinker, Titus Josef Heckl, Marlene Gatzka, Martina Heppt, Markus V Resende Rodrigues, Henrique Schneider, Sven Sondermann, Wiebke de Almeida e Silva, Carolina Kirchberger, Michael C Klode, Joachim Enk, Alexander H Knispel, Sarah von Kalle, Christof Stoffels, Ingo Schadendorf, Dirk Nakamura, Yasuhiro Esser, Stefan Assis, Aisllan Bernardes-Souza, Breno |
| author_sort | Brinker, Titus Josef |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than any other major cancer both in Brazil and worldwide. Southeast Brazil has especially high incidences of melanoma, and early detection is low. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary risk factor for developing melanoma. Increasing attractiveness is a major motivation among adolescents for tanning. A medical student-delivered intervention that takes advantage of the broad availability of mobile phones and adolescents’ interest in their appearance indicated effectiveness in a recent study from Germany. However, the effect in a high-UV index country with a high melanoma prevalence and the capability of medical students to implement such an intervention remain unknown.
ObjectiveIn this pilot study, our objective was to investigate the preliminary success and implementability of a photoaging intervention to prevent skin cancer in Brazilian adolescents.
MethodsWe implemented a free photoaging mobile phone app (Sunface) in 15 secondary school classes in southeast Brazil. Medical students “mirrored” the pupils’ altered 3-dimensional (3D) selfies reacting to touch on tablets via a projector in front of their whole grade accompanied by a brief discussion of means of UV protection. An anonymous questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data and risk factors for melanoma measured the perceptions of the intervention on 5-point Likert scales among 356 pupils of both sexes (13-19 years old; median age 16 years) in grades 8 to 12 of 2 secondary schools in Brazil.
ResultsWe measured more than 90% agreement in both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure and only 5.6% disagreement: 322 (90.5%) agreed or strongly agreed that their 3D selfie motivated them to avoid using a tanning bed, and 321 (90.2%) that it motivated them to improve their sun protection; 20 pupils (5.6%) disagreed with both items. The perceived effect on motivation was higher in female pupils in both tanning bed avoidance (n=198, 92.6% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and increased use of sun protection (n=197, 92.1% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and independent of age or skin type. All medical students involved filled in a process evaluation revealing that they all perceived the intervention as effective and unproblematic, and that all pupils tried the app in their presence.
ConclusionsThe photoaging intervention was effective in changing behavioral predictors for UV protection in Brazilian adolescents. The predictors measured indicated an even higher prospective effectiveness in southeast Brazil than in Germany (>90% agreement in Brazil vs >60% agreement in Germany to both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure) in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. Medical students are capable of complete implementation. A randomized controlled trial measuring prospective effects in Brazil is planned as a result of this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:55:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3f270b1ce01346ada1a3816fcb4e69b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2291-5222 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:55:32Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR mHealth and uHealth |
| spelling | doaj.art-3f270b1ce01346ada1a3816fcb4e69b02022-12-21T23:49:34ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR mHealth and uHealth2291-52222018-03-0163e6010.2196/mhealth.9794A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional StudyBrinker, Titus JosefHeckl, MarleneGatzka, MartinaHeppt, Markus VResende Rodrigues, HenriqueSchneider, SvenSondermann, Wiebkede Almeida e Silva, CarolinaKirchberger, Michael CKlode, JoachimEnk, Alexander HKnispel, Sarahvon Kalle, ChristofStoffels, IngoSchadendorf, DirkNakamura, YasuhiroEsser, StefanAssis, AisllanBernardes-Souza, BrenoBackgroundThe incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than any other major cancer both in Brazil and worldwide. Southeast Brazil has especially high incidences of melanoma, and early detection is low. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary risk factor for developing melanoma. Increasing attractiveness is a major motivation among adolescents for tanning. A medical student-delivered intervention that takes advantage of the broad availability of mobile phones and adolescents’ interest in their appearance indicated effectiveness in a recent study from Germany. However, the effect in a high-UV index country with a high melanoma prevalence and the capability of medical students to implement such an intervention remain unknown. ObjectiveIn this pilot study, our objective was to investigate the preliminary success and implementability of a photoaging intervention to prevent skin cancer in Brazilian adolescents. MethodsWe implemented a free photoaging mobile phone app (Sunface) in 15 secondary school classes in southeast Brazil. Medical students “mirrored” the pupils’ altered 3-dimensional (3D) selfies reacting to touch on tablets via a projector in front of their whole grade accompanied by a brief discussion of means of UV protection. An anonymous questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data and risk factors for melanoma measured the perceptions of the intervention on 5-point Likert scales among 356 pupils of both sexes (13-19 years old; median age 16 years) in grades 8 to 12 of 2 secondary schools in Brazil. ResultsWe measured more than 90% agreement in both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure and only 5.6% disagreement: 322 (90.5%) agreed or strongly agreed that their 3D selfie motivated them to avoid using a tanning bed, and 321 (90.2%) that it motivated them to improve their sun protection; 20 pupils (5.6%) disagreed with both items. The perceived effect on motivation was higher in female pupils in both tanning bed avoidance (n=198, 92.6% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and increased use of sun protection (n=197, 92.1% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and independent of age or skin type. All medical students involved filled in a process evaluation revealing that they all perceived the intervention as effective and unproblematic, and that all pupils tried the app in their presence. ConclusionsThe photoaging intervention was effective in changing behavioral predictors for UV protection in Brazilian adolescents. The predictors measured indicated an even higher prospective effectiveness in southeast Brazil than in Germany (>90% agreement in Brazil vs >60% agreement in Germany to both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure) in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. Medical students are capable of complete implementation. A randomized controlled trial measuring prospective effects in Brazil is planned as a result of this study.http://mhealth.jmir.org/2018/3/e60/ |
| spellingShingle | Brinker, Titus Josef Heckl, Marlene Gatzka, Martina Heppt, Markus V Resende Rodrigues, Henrique Schneider, Sven Sondermann, Wiebke de Almeida e Silva, Carolina Kirchberger, Michael C Klode, Joachim Enk, Alexander H Knispel, Sarah von Kalle, Christof Stoffels, Ingo Schadendorf, Dirk Nakamura, Yasuhiro Esser, Stefan Assis, Aisllan Bernardes-Souza, Breno A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study JMIR mHealth and uHealth |
| title | A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study |
| title_full | A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study |
| title_fullStr | A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study |
| title_short | A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study |
| title_sort | skin cancer prevention facial aging mobile app for secondary schools in brazil appearance focused interventional study |
| url | http://mhealth.jmir.org/2018/3/e60/ |
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