Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
The core objective of this study was to genetically and phenotypically characterize subclinical mastitis-causing multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MDRSA). In addition, risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis caused by MDRSA were investigated. Bacterial cultures...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/9/1353 |
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| author | Amanda Thaís Ferreira Silva Juliano Leonel Gonçalves Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas Vera Lúcia Mores Rall Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira Marcos Veiga dos Santos Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto Rinaldo Aparecido Mota |
| author_facet | Amanda Thaís Ferreira Silva Juliano Leonel Gonçalves Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas Vera Lúcia Mores Rall Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira Marcos Veiga dos Santos Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto Rinaldo Aparecido Mota |
| author_sort | Amanda Thaís Ferreira Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The core objective of this study was to genetically and phenotypically characterize subclinical mastitis-causing multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MDRSA). In addition, risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis caused by MDRSA were investigated. Bacterial cultures were performed on 2120 mammary quarters, 40 swabs of milk utensils, 5 bulk tank milk samples, and 11 nostril and 11 hand swabs from milkers from five dairy farms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was conducted for <i>S. aureus</i> identification. Antimicrobial resistance was screened phenotypically using the disk diffusion test in all <i>S. aureus</i> isolates. A biofilm formation assay; detection of genes associated with beta-lactam resistance, efflux pump, and biofilm formation; and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were performed in all MDRSA isolates. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out in cefoxitin-resistant MDRSA isolates. A total of 188 <i>S. aureus</i> isolates from milk as well as two from milking utensils and one from bulk tank milk were identified. Most of the isolates (92.7%; 177 of 191) showed beta-lactam resistance, and 7% (14 of 191) were MDRSA. Interestingly, 36% (5 of 14) of MDRSA isolates were cefoxitin-resistant, but none carried <i>mecA</i> or <i>mecC</i> genes. Based on PFGE results, it was observed that <i>S. aureus</i> strains were more likely to be unique to a specific herd. Two clonal complexes were identified, CC97 (ST126; commonly livestock-associated) and CC1 (ST7440; usually community-associated). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ST7440 isolated from bovine mastitis in Brazil. The risk factor results underscored the importance of considering parity, stage of lactation, SCC, milk production, and herd size when studying the risk of subclinical mastitis and antimicrobial resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>. Thus, to implement effective strategies to prevent subclinical mastitis in dairy herds and to minimize MDRSA spread, it is important to understand MDRSA strains’ distribution and their antimicrobial resistance profile. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:06:17Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3f7ce5492d7949cd90fadd1c1f59beb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:06:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3f7ce5492d7949cd90fadd1c1f59beb02023-11-19T09:16:35ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-08-01129135310.3390/antibiotics12091353Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Amanda Thaís Ferreira Silva0Juliano Leonel Gonçalves1Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas2Vera Lúcia Mores Rall3Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira4Marcos Veiga dos Santos5Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto6Rinaldo Aparecido Mota7Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, BrazilDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, BrazilDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, BrazilFederal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sertão Pernambucano, Petrolina 56316-686, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, BrazilThe core objective of this study was to genetically and phenotypically characterize subclinical mastitis-causing multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MDRSA). In addition, risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis caused by MDRSA were investigated. Bacterial cultures were performed on 2120 mammary quarters, 40 swabs of milk utensils, 5 bulk tank milk samples, and 11 nostril and 11 hand swabs from milkers from five dairy farms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was conducted for <i>S. aureus</i> identification. Antimicrobial resistance was screened phenotypically using the disk diffusion test in all <i>S. aureus</i> isolates. A biofilm formation assay; detection of genes associated with beta-lactam resistance, efflux pump, and biofilm formation; and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were performed in all MDRSA isolates. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out in cefoxitin-resistant MDRSA isolates. A total of 188 <i>S. aureus</i> isolates from milk as well as two from milking utensils and one from bulk tank milk were identified. Most of the isolates (92.7%; 177 of 191) showed beta-lactam resistance, and 7% (14 of 191) were MDRSA. Interestingly, 36% (5 of 14) of MDRSA isolates were cefoxitin-resistant, but none carried <i>mecA</i> or <i>mecC</i> genes. Based on PFGE results, it was observed that <i>S. aureus</i> strains were more likely to be unique to a specific herd. Two clonal complexes were identified, CC97 (ST126; commonly livestock-associated) and CC1 (ST7440; usually community-associated). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ST7440 isolated from bovine mastitis in Brazil. The risk factor results underscored the importance of considering parity, stage of lactation, SCC, milk production, and herd size when studying the risk of subclinical mastitis and antimicrobial resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>. Thus, to implement effective strategies to prevent subclinical mastitis in dairy herds and to minimize MDRSA spread, it is important to understand MDRSA strains’ distribution and their antimicrobial resistance profile.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/9/1353<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>antibiotic resistanceintramammary infectionmolecular epidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Amanda Thaís Ferreira Silva Juliano Leonel Gonçalves Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas Vera Lúcia Mores Rall Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira Marcos Veiga dos Santos Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto Rinaldo Aparecido Mota Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Antibiotics <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> antibiotic resistance intramammary infection molecular epidemiology |
| title | Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_full | Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_short | Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Subclinical Mastitis-Causing Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_sort | genetic and phenotypic characterization of subclinical mastitis causing multidrug resistant i staphylococcus aureus i |
| topic | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> antibiotic resistance intramammary infection molecular epidemiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/9/1353 |
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