Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector
The causative agents of Babesiosis are intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus <i>Babesia</i>. <i>Babesia</i> parasites are present around the world, affecting several mammals including humans, pets and livestock, hence its medical and veterinary relevance. <i>Babesia&l...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/92 |
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| author | Grecia Martínez-García R. Montserrat Santamaría-Espinosa José J. Lira-Amaya Julio V. Figueroa |
| author_facet | Grecia Martínez-García R. Montserrat Santamaría-Espinosa José J. Lira-Amaya Julio V. Figueroa |
| author_sort | Grecia Martínez-García |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The causative agents of Babesiosis are intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus <i>Babesia</i>. <i>Babesia</i> parasites are present around the world, affecting several mammals including humans, pets and livestock, hence its medical and veterinary relevance. <i>Babesia</i> spp. detection in its invertebrate host is a main point in understanding the biology of the parasite to acquire more knowledge on the host–<i>Babesia</i>–vector interactions, as increasing knowledge of the <i>Babesia</i> lifecycle and babesiosis epidemiology can help prevent babesiosis outbreaks in susceptible mammals. The aim of the present review is to highlight the newest findings in this field, based on a bibliographic compilation of research studies recently carried out for the detection of the main <i>Babesia</i> species found in tick vectors affecting mammalian hosts, including the different tick stages such as adult ticks, larvae, nymphs and eggs, as well as the detection method implemented: microscopic tools for parasite identification and molecular tools for parasite DNA detection by conventional PCR, nested-PCR, PCR-RFLP, PCR-RLB hybridization, real time-PCR, LAMP and RAP assays. Although molecular identification of <i>Babesia</i> parasites has been achieved in several tick species and tissue samples, it is still necessary to carry out transmission experiments through biological models to confirm the vectorial capacity of various tick species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:12:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3f9699b10852492183d4d53bb553480d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:12:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-3f9699b10852492183d4d53bb553480d2023-12-03T13:58:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-01-011029210.3390/pathogens10020092Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick VectorGrecia Martínez-García0R. Montserrat Santamaría-Espinosa1José J. Lira-Amaya2Julio V. Figueroa3Babesia Unit-CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, MexicoBabesia Unit-CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, MexicoBabesia Unit-CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, MexicoBabesia Unit-CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, MexicoThe causative agents of Babesiosis are intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus <i>Babesia</i>. <i>Babesia</i> parasites are present around the world, affecting several mammals including humans, pets and livestock, hence its medical and veterinary relevance. <i>Babesia</i> spp. detection in its invertebrate host is a main point in understanding the biology of the parasite to acquire more knowledge on the host–<i>Babesia</i>–vector interactions, as increasing knowledge of the <i>Babesia</i> lifecycle and babesiosis epidemiology can help prevent babesiosis outbreaks in susceptible mammals. The aim of the present review is to highlight the newest findings in this field, based on a bibliographic compilation of research studies recently carried out for the detection of the main <i>Babesia</i> species found in tick vectors affecting mammalian hosts, including the different tick stages such as adult ticks, larvae, nymphs and eggs, as well as the detection method implemented: microscopic tools for parasite identification and molecular tools for parasite DNA detection by conventional PCR, nested-PCR, PCR-RFLP, PCR-RLB hybridization, real time-PCR, LAMP and RAP assays. Although molecular identification of <i>Babesia</i> parasites has been achieved in several tick species and tissue samples, it is still necessary to carry out transmission experiments through biological models to confirm the vectorial capacity of various tick species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/92<i>Babesia</i> spp.ticksdetectionbabesiosis |
| spellingShingle | Grecia Martínez-García R. Montserrat Santamaría-Espinosa José J. Lira-Amaya Julio V. Figueroa Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector Pathogens <i>Babesia</i> spp. ticks detection babesiosis |
| title | Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector |
| title_full | Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector |
| title_fullStr | Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector |
| title_full_unstemmed | Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector |
| title_short | Challenges in Tick-Borne Pathogen Detection: The Case for <i>Babesia</i> spp. Identification in the Tick Vector |
| title_sort | challenges in tick borne pathogen detection the case for i babesia i spp identification in the tick vector |
| topic | <i>Babesia</i> spp. ticks detection babesiosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/92 |
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