Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization
Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes formed through interfacial polymerization can function more efficiently by tuning the chemical structure of participating monomers. Accordingly, three kinds of diamine monomers were considered to take part in interfacial polymerization. Each diamine was...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/4/544 |
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| author | Manuel Reyes De Guzman Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang Shu-Hsien Huang Qing-Yi Huang Yu-Hsuan Chiao Kueir-Rarn Lee |
| author_facet | Manuel Reyes De Guzman Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang Shu-Hsien Huang Qing-Yi Huang Yu-Hsuan Chiao Kueir-Rarn Lee |
| author_sort | Manuel Reyes De Guzman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes formed through interfacial polymerization can function more efficiently by tuning the chemical structure of participating monomers. Accordingly, three kinds of diamine monomers were considered to take part in interfacial polymerization. Each diamine was reacted with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to manufacture TFC polyamide nanofiltration (NF)-like forward osmosis (FO) membranes. The diamines differed in chemical structure; the functional group present between the terminal amines was classified as follows: aliphatic group of 1,3-diaminopropane (DAPE); cyclohexane in 1,3-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA); and aromatic or benzene ring in m-phenylenediamine (MPD). For FO tests, deionized water and 1 M aqueous sodium sulfate solution were used as feed and draw solution, respectively. Interfacial polymerization conditions were also varied: concentrations of water and oil phases, time of contact between the water-phase solution and the membrane substrate, and polymerization reaction time. The resultant membranes were characterized using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and surface contact angle measurement to identify the chemical structure, morphology, roughness, and hydrophilicity of the polyamide layer, respectively. The results of FO experiments revealed that among the three diamine monomers, CHDA turned out to be the most effective, as it led to the production of TFC NF-like FO membrane with optimal performance. Then, the following optimum conditions were established for the CHDA-based membrane: contact between 2.5 wt.% aqueous CHDA solution and polysulfone (PSf) substrate for 2 min, and polymerization reaction between 1 wt.% TMC solution and 2.5 wt.% CHDA solution for 30 s. The composite CHDA-TMC/PSf membrane delivered a water flux (<i>Jw</i>) of 18.24 ± 1.33 LMH and a reverse salt flux (<i>Js</i>) of 5.75 ± 1.12 gMH; therefore, <i>Js</i>/<i>Jw</i> was evaluated to be 0.32 ± 0.07 (g/L). |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:56:24Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3fae39bddf4b4a1b91edbe17a2c9eda92023-12-11T16:52:02ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-02-0113454410.3390/polym13040544Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial PolymerizationManuel Reyes De Guzman0Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang1Shu-Hsien Huang2Qing-Yi Huang3Yu-Hsuan Chiao4Kueir-Rarn Lee5Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, ChinaR&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USAR&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, TaiwanThin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes formed through interfacial polymerization can function more efficiently by tuning the chemical structure of participating monomers. Accordingly, three kinds of diamine monomers were considered to take part in interfacial polymerization. Each diamine was reacted with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to manufacture TFC polyamide nanofiltration (NF)-like forward osmosis (FO) membranes. The diamines differed in chemical structure; the functional group present between the terminal amines was classified as follows: aliphatic group of 1,3-diaminopropane (DAPE); cyclohexane in 1,3-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA); and aromatic or benzene ring in m-phenylenediamine (MPD). For FO tests, deionized water and 1 M aqueous sodium sulfate solution were used as feed and draw solution, respectively. Interfacial polymerization conditions were also varied: concentrations of water and oil phases, time of contact between the water-phase solution and the membrane substrate, and polymerization reaction time. The resultant membranes were characterized using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and surface contact angle measurement to identify the chemical structure, morphology, roughness, and hydrophilicity of the polyamide layer, respectively. The results of FO experiments revealed that among the three diamine monomers, CHDA turned out to be the most effective, as it led to the production of TFC NF-like FO membrane with optimal performance. Then, the following optimum conditions were established for the CHDA-based membrane: contact between 2.5 wt.% aqueous CHDA solution and polysulfone (PSf) substrate for 2 min, and polymerization reaction between 1 wt.% TMC solution and 2.5 wt.% CHDA solution for 30 s. The composite CHDA-TMC/PSf membrane delivered a water flux (<i>Jw</i>) of 18.24 ± 1.33 LMH and a reverse salt flux (<i>Js</i>) of 5.75 ± 1.12 gMH; therefore, <i>Js</i>/<i>Jw</i> was evaluated to be 0.32 ± 0.07 (g/L).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/4/544thin-film composite membranesforward osmosisinterfacial polymerizationpolyamidemembrane separation |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Reyes De Guzman Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang Shu-Hsien Huang Qing-Yi Huang Yu-Hsuan Chiao Kueir-Rarn Lee Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization Polymers thin-film composite membranes forward osmosis interfacial polymerization polyamide membrane separation |
| title | Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization |
| title_full | Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization |
| title_short | Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization |
| title_sort | optimal performance of thin film composite nanofiltration like forward osmosis membranes set off by changing the chemical structure of diamine reacted with trimesoyl chloride through interfacial polymerization |
| topic | thin-film composite membranes forward osmosis interfacial polymerization polyamide membrane separation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/4/544 |
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