The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization
In recent work, the thermoreversible Diels–Alder reaction between furan and maleimide functional groups has been studied extensively in the context of self-healing elastomers and thermosets. To elaborate the influence of the stoichiometric ratio between the maleimide and furan reactive groups on the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2522 |
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| author | Ali Safaei Seppe Terryn Bram Vanderborght Guy Van Assche Joost Brancart |
| author_facet | Ali Safaei Seppe Terryn Bram Vanderborght Guy Van Assche Joost Brancart |
| author_sort | Ali Safaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent work, the thermoreversible Diels–Alder reaction between furan and maleimide functional groups has been studied extensively in the context of self-healing elastomers and thermosets. To elaborate the influence of the stoichiometric ratio between the maleimide and furan reactive groups on the thermomechanical properties and viscoelastic behavior of formed reversible covalent polymer networks, a series of Diels–Alder-based networks with different stoichiometric ratios was synthesized. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and dynamic rheology measurements were performed on the reversible polymer networks, to relate the reversible network structure to the material properties and reactivity. Such knowledge allows the design and optimization of the thermomechanical behavior of the reversible networks for intended applications. Lowering the maleimide-to-furan ratio creates a deficit of maleimide functional groups, resulting in a decrease in the crosslink density of the system, and a consequent decrease in the glass transition temperature, Young’s modulus, and gel transition temperature. The excess of unreacted furan in the system results in faster reaction and healing kinetics and a shift of the reaction equilibrium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:09:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3fb3d9d1d6454e478962959233d8a294 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:09:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-3fb3d9d1d6454e478962959233d8a2942023-11-22T06:04:10ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-07-011315252210.3390/polym13152522The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network PolymerizationAli Safaei0Seppe Terryn1Bram Vanderborght2Guy Van Assche3Joost Brancart4Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Department of Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumPhysical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Department of Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumBrubotics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Imec, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumPhysical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Department of Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumPhysical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Department of Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumIn recent work, the thermoreversible Diels–Alder reaction between furan and maleimide functional groups has been studied extensively in the context of self-healing elastomers and thermosets. To elaborate the influence of the stoichiometric ratio between the maleimide and furan reactive groups on the thermomechanical properties and viscoelastic behavior of formed reversible covalent polymer networks, a series of Diels–Alder-based networks with different stoichiometric ratios was synthesized. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and dynamic rheology measurements were performed on the reversible polymer networks, to relate the reversible network structure to the material properties and reactivity. Such knowledge allows the design and optimization of the thermomechanical behavior of the reversible networks for intended applications. Lowering the maleimide-to-furan ratio creates a deficit of maleimide functional groups, resulting in a decrease in the crosslink density of the system, and a consequent decrease in the glass transition temperature, Young’s modulus, and gel transition temperature. The excess of unreacted furan in the system results in faster reaction and healing kinetics and a shift of the reaction equilibrium.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2522Diels–Alderreversible polymer networksdynamic covalent bondself-healingreaction kinetic simulations |
| spellingShingle | Ali Safaei Seppe Terryn Bram Vanderborght Guy Van Assche Joost Brancart The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization Polymers Diels–Alder reversible polymer networks dynamic covalent bond self-healing reaction kinetic simulations |
| title | The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization |
| title_full | The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization |
| title_short | The Influence of the Furan and Maleimide Stoichiometry on the Thermoreversible Diels–Alder Network Polymerization |
| title_sort | influence of the furan and maleimide stoichiometry on the thermoreversible diels alder network polymerization |
| topic | Diels–Alder reversible polymer networks dynamic covalent bond self-healing reaction kinetic simulations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2522 |
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