Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful
Systemic infections caused by rare yeasts are increasing given the rise in immunocompromised or seriously ill patients. Even though globally, the clinical significance of these emerging opportunistic yeasts is increasingly being recognized, less is known about the epidemiology of rare yeasts in Lati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/7/747 |
| _version_ | 1827732683994693632 |
|---|---|
| author | Óscar Gil Juan Camilo Hernández-Pabón Bryan Tabares Carlos Lugo-Sánchez Carolina Firacative |
| author_facet | Óscar Gil Juan Camilo Hernández-Pabón Bryan Tabares Carlos Lugo-Sánchez Carolina Firacative |
| author_sort | Óscar Gil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systemic infections caused by rare yeasts are increasing given the rise in immunocompromised or seriously ill patients. Even though globally, the clinical significance of these emerging opportunistic yeasts is increasingly being recognized, less is known about the epidemiology of rare yeasts in Latin America. This review collects, analyzes, and contributes demographic and clinical data from 495 cases of infection caused by rare yeasts in the region. Among all cases, 32 species of rare yeasts, distributed in 12 genera, have been reported in 8 Latin American countries, with <i>Trichosporon asahii</i> (49.5%), <i>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</i> (11.1%), and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (7.8%) the most common species found. Patients were mostly male (58.3%), from neonates to 84 years of age. Statistically, surgery and antibiotic use were associated with higher rates of <i>Trichosporon</i> infections, while central venous catheter, leukemia, and cancer were associated with higher rates of <i>Rhodotorula</i> infections. From all cases, fungemia was the predominant diagnosis (50.3%). Patients were mostly treated with amphotericin B (58.7%). Crude mortality was 40.8%, with a higher risk of death from fungemia and <i>T. asahii</i> infections. Culture was the main diagnostic methodology. Antifungal resistance to one or more drugs was reported in various species of rare yeasts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:55:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3fc27cae6aff43cd8417757f61738f9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:55:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-3fc27cae6aff43cd8417757f61738f9b2023-11-18T20:01:51ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-07-019774710.3390/jof9070747Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet MeaningfulÓscar Gil0Juan Camilo Hernández-Pabón1Bryan Tabares2Carlos Lugo-Sánchez3Carolina Firacative4Group MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, ColombiaGroup MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, ColombiaGroup MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, ColombiaGroup MICROS Research Incubator, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, ColombiaStudies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogota 111221, ColombiaSystemic infections caused by rare yeasts are increasing given the rise in immunocompromised or seriously ill patients. Even though globally, the clinical significance of these emerging opportunistic yeasts is increasingly being recognized, less is known about the epidemiology of rare yeasts in Latin America. This review collects, analyzes, and contributes demographic and clinical data from 495 cases of infection caused by rare yeasts in the region. Among all cases, 32 species of rare yeasts, distributed in 12 genera, have been reported in 8 Latin American countries, with <i>Trichosporon asahii</i> (49.5%), <i>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</i> (11.1%), and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (7.8%) the most common species found. Patients were mostly male (58.3%), from neonates to 84 years of age. Statistically, surgery and antibiotic use were associated with higher rates of <i>Trichosporon</i> infections, while central venous catheter, leukemia, and cancer were associated with higher rates of <i>Rhodotorula</i> infections. From all cases, fungemia was the predominant diagnosis (50.3%). Patients were mostly treated with amphotericin B (58.7%). Crude mortality was 40.8%, with a higher risk of death from fungemia and <i>T. asahii</i> infections. Culture was the main diagnostic methodology. Antifungal resistance to one or more drugs was reported in various species of rare yeasts.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/7/747mycosisrare yeastsLatin Americainvasive fungal infection<i>Trichosporon</i><i>Rhodotorula</i> |
| spellingShingle | Óscar Gil Juan Camilo Hernández-Pabón Bryan Tabares Carlos Lugo-Sánchez Carolina Firacative Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful Journal of Fungi mycosis rare yeasts Latin America invasive fungal infection <i>Trichosporon</i> <i>Rhodotorula</i> |
| title | Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful |
| title_full | Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful |
| title_fullStr | Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful |
| title_short | Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful |
| title_sort | rare yeasts in latin america uncommon yet meaningful |
| topic | mycosis rare yeasts Latin America invasive fungal infection <i>Trichosporon</i> <i>Rhodotorula</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/7/747 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oscargil rareyeastsinlatinamericauncommonyetmeaningful AT juancamilohernandezpabon rareyeastsinlatinamericauncommonyetmeaningful AT bryantabares rareyeastsinlatinamericauncommonyetmeaningful AT carloslugosanchez rareyeastsinlatinamericauncommonyetmeaningful AT carolinafiracative rareyeastsinlatinamericauncommonyetmeaningful |