Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide
Developing a low-cost and effective proton-conductive electrolyte to meet the requirements of the large-scale manufacturing of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is of great significance in progressing towards the upcoming “hydrogen economy” society. Herein, utilizing the one-pot acylation po...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4110 |
| _version_ | 1827625793635745792 |
|---|---|
| author | Jamal Afzal Yaomei Fu Tian-Xiang Luan Zhongmin Su Pei-Zhou Li |
| author_facet | Jamal Afzal Yaomei Fu Tian-Xiang Luan Zhongmin Su Pei-Zhou Li |
| author_sort | Jamal Afzal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Developing a low-cost and effective proton-conductive electrolyte to meet the requirements of the large-scale manufacturing of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is of great significance in progressing towards the upcoming “hydrogen economy” society. Herein, utilizing the one-pot acylation polymeric combination of acyl chloride and amine precursors, a polyamide with in-built -SO<sub>3</sub>H moieties (<b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b>) was facilely synthesized. Characterization shows that it possesses a porous feature and a high stability at the practical operating conditions of PEM fuel cells. Investigations of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed that the fabricated <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b> displays a proton conductivity of up to 8.85 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup> at 353 K under 98% relative humidity (RH), which is more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of its -SO<sub>3</sub>H-free analogue, <b>PA-Ph</b> (6.30 × 10<sup>−4</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup>), under the same conditions. Therefore, matrix-mixed membranes were fabricated by mixing with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in different ratios, and the EIS analyses revealed that its proton conductivity can reach up to 4.90 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup> at 353 K and a 98% relative humidity (RH) when the weight ratio of <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b>:PAN is 3:1 (labeled as <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H-PAN (3:1)</b>), the value of which is even comparable with those of commercial-available electrolytes being used in PEM fuel cells. Additionally, continuous tests showed that <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H-PAN (3:1)</b> possesses a long-life reusability. This work demonstrates, using the simple acylation reaction with the sulfonated module as precursor, that low-cost and highly effective proton-conductive electrolytes for PEM fuel cells can be facilely achieved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:43:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3fc28fb4f0d84f9297892775aff680c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:43:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3fc28fb4f0d84f9297892775aff680c22023-11-30T22:14:10ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-06-012713411010.3390/molecules27134110Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized PolyamideJamal Afzal0Yaomei Fu1Tian-Xiang Luan2Zhongmin Su3Pei-Zhou Li4School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, ChinaShandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, ChinaShandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, ChinaDeveloping a low-cost and effective proton-conductive electrolyte to meet the requirements of the large-scale manufacturing of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is of great significance in progressing towards the upcoming “hydrogen economy” society. Herein, utilizing the one-pot acylation polymeric combination of acyl chloride and amine precursors, a polyamide with in-built -SO<sub>3</sub>H moieties (<b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b>) was facilely synthesized. Characterization shows that it possesses a porous feature and a high stability at the practical operating conditions of PEM fuel cells. Investigations of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed that the fabricated <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b> displays a proton conductivity of up to 8.85 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup> at 353 K under 98% relative humidity (RH), which is more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of its -SO<sub>3</sub>H-free analogue, <b>PA-Ph</b> (6.30 × 10<sup>−4</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup>), under the same conditions. Therefore, matrix-mixed membranes were fabricated by mixing with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in different ratios, and the EIS analyses revealed that its proton conductivity can reach up to 4.90 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup> at 353 K and a 98% relative humidity (RH) when the weight ratio of <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H</b>:PAN is 3:1 (labeled as <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H-PAN (3:1)</b>), the value of which is even comparable with those of commercial-available electrolytes being used in PEM fuel cells. Additionally, continuous tests showed that <b>PA-PhSO<sub>3</sub>H-PAN (3:1)</b> possesses a long-life reusability. This work demonstrates, using the simple acylation reaction with the sulfonated module as precursor, that low-cost and highly effective proton-conductive electrolytes for PEM fuel cells can be facilely achieved.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4110fuel cellpolyamidematrix-mixed membraneproton conductionsulfonic acid |
| spellingShingle | Jamal Afzal Yaomei Fu Tian-Xiang Luan Zhongmin Su Pei-Zhou Li Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide Molecules fuel cell polyamide matrix-mixed membrane proton conduction sulfonic acid |
| title | Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide |
| title_full | Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide |
| title_fullStr | Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide |
| title_short | Highly Effective Proton-Conduction Matrix-Mixed Membrane Derived from an -SO<sub>3</sub>H Functionalized Polyamide |
| title_sort | highly effective proton conduction matrix mixed membrane derived from an so sub 3 sub h functionalized polyamide |
| topic | fuel cell polyamide matrix-mixed membrane proton conduction sulfonic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4110 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jamalafzal highlyeffectiveprotonconductionmatrixmixedmembranederivedfromansosub3subhfunctionalizedpolyamide AT yaomeifu highlyeffectiveprotonconductionmatrixmixedmembranederivedfromansosub3subhfunctionalizedpolyamide AT tianxiangluan highlyeffectiveprotonconductionmatrixmixedmembranederivedfromansosub3subhfunctionalizedpolyamide AT zhongminsu highlyeffectiveprotonconductionmatrixmixedmembranederivedfromansosub3subhfunctionalizedpolyamide AT peizhouli highlyeffectiveprotonconductionmatrixmixedmembranederivedfromansosub3subhfunctionalizedpolyamide |