Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016)
Abstract Background Evidence suggests that alterations in serum trace element concentrations are closely associated with mental illness. However, studies on the relationship between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms are limited and with controversial results. W...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04953-z |
| _version_ | 1797778754097905664 |
|---|---|
| author | Dong Huang Shunkai Lai Shuming Zhong Yanbin Jia |
| author_facet | Dong Huang Shunkai Lai Shuming Zhong Yanbin Jia |
| author_sort | Dong Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Evidence suggests that alterations in serum trace element concentrations are closely associated with mental illness. However, studies on the relationship between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms are limited and with controversial results. We aimed to investigate the association between serum concentrations of these trace elements and depressive symptoms in US adults. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011–2016) were used in this cross-sectional study. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Items (PHQ-9) was employed to assess depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship between the serum concentrations of copper, zinc, and selenium and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 4552 adults were included. Subjects with depressive symptoms had higher serum copper concentrations (123.88 ± 1.87) than those without depressive symptoms (116.99 ± 0.86) (p < 0.001). In Model 2, weighted logistic regression analysis showed that the second (Q2) quartile of zinc concentrations (odds ratio [OR] = 1.534, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.018 to 2.313) were significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Subgroup analysis revealed that the third (Q3) and fourth (Q4) quartiles of copper concentrations (Q3: OR = 2.699, 95% CI: 1.285 to 5.667; Q4: OR = 2.490, 95% CI: 1.026 to 6.046) were also positively associated with depressive symptoms in obese individuals after controlling for all confounders. However, no significant relationship between serum selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms was observed. Conclusions Obese US adults with high serum copper concentrations, as well as US adults in general with low serum zinc concentrations, were susceptible to depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, the causal mechanisms underlying these relationships need to be further explored. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:21:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3fe577d088b646e09bf9d1f828106e2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:21:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-3fe577d088b646e09bf9d1f828106e2b2023-07-16T11:24:07ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2023-07-0123111310.1186/s12888-023-04953-zAssociation between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016)Dong Huang0Shunkai Lai1Shuming Zhong2Yanbin Jia3Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityAbstract Background Evidence suggests that alterations in serum trace element concentrations are closely associated with mental illness. However, studies on the relationship between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms are limited and with controversial results. We aimed to investigate the association between serum concentrations of these trace elements and depressive symptoms in US adults. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011–2016) were used in this cross-sectional study. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Items (PHQ-9) was employed to assess depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship between the serum concentrations of copper, zinc, and selenium and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 4552 adults were included. Subjects with depressive symptoms had higher serum copper concentrations (123.88 ± 1.87) than those without depressive symptoms (116.99 ± 0.86) (p < 0.001). In Model 2, weighted logistic regression analysis showed that the second (Q2) quartile of zinc concentrations (odds ratio [OR] = 1.534, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.018 to 2.313) were significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Subgroup analysis revealed that the third (Q3) and fourth (Q4) quartiles of copper concentrations (Q3: OR = 2.699, 95% CI: 1.285 to 5.667; Q4: OR = 2.490, 95% CI: 1.026 to 6.046) were also positively associated with depressive symptoms in obese individuals after controlling for all confounders. However, no significant relationship between serum selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms was observed. Conclusions Obese US adults with high serum copper concentrations, as well as US adults in general with low serum zinc concentrations, were susceptible to depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, the causal mechanisms underlying these relationships need to be further explored.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04953-zCopperDepressionMicronutrientsNHANESSeleniumZinc |
| spellingShingle | Dong Huang Shunkai Lai Shuming Zhong Yanbin Jia Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) BMC Psychiatry Copper Depression Micronutrients NHANES Selenium Zinc |
| title | Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) |
| title_full | Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) |
| title_fullStr | Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) |
| title_short | Association between serum copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the US adult population, NHANES (2011–2016) |
| title_sort | association between serum copper zinc and selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms in the us adult population nhanes 2011 2016 |
| topic | Copper Depression Micronutrients NHANES Selenium Zinc |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04953-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT donghuang associationbetweenserumcopperzincandseleniumconcentrationsanddepressivesymptomsintheusadultpopulationnhanes20112016 AT shunkailai associationbetweenserumcopperzincandseleniumconcentrationsanddepressivesymptomsintheusadultpopulationnhanes20112016 AT shumingzhong associationbetweenserumcopperzincandseleniumconcentrationsanddepressivesymptomsintheusadultpopulationnhanes20112016 AT yanbinjia associationbetweenserumcopperzincandseleniumconcentrationsanddepressivesymptomsintheusadultpopulationnhanes20112016 |