A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm
In this paper, a parking evaluation system based on the BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) and IDS (Intensity Distance Scoring) algorithm has been proposed. Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning technology and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm were applied to the BDS to achieve centime...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2020-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9261252/ |
| _version_ | 1830193307865579520 |
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| author | Xieda Song Junhong Guo Zhidan Sun Rui Jiang Ling Luo Fangren Hu |
| author_facet | Xieda Song Junhong Guo Zhidan Sun Rui Jiang Ling Luo Fangren Hu |
| author_sort | Xieda Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, a parking evaluation system based on the BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) and IDS (Intensity Distance Scoring) algorithm has been proposed. Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning technology and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm were applied to the BDS to achieve centimeter-level positioning. A dynamic error experiment was performed to verify the positioning accuracy. The parking evaluation system was developed using the IDS algorithm to score parking trajectories. A parking experiment was carried out in a simulated field to prove the effectiveness of the parking evaluation system. With the IDS algorithm, a parking lot in the simulation was modeled using an 8-bit grayscale map image. The map contains 1 departure area, 5 obstacle areas, and 2 parking areas. The intensity of each pixel in the remaining area is inversely proportional to its shorter distance to the two parking areas. The IDS algorithm evaluates parking through three aspects, the choice of different parking trajectories, parking time, and whether an obstacle area is passed through, which can effectively judge the driver's parking technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:10:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ff8755c366a4bd18c73fa6b4bf13dd9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:10:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ff8755c366a4bd18c73fa6b4bf13dd92022-12-21T21:27:41ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362020-01-01820961020961810.1109/ACCESS.2020.30368279261252A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring AlgorithmXieda Song0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6388-5462Junhong Guo1Zhidan Sun2Rui Jiang3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-2943Ling Luo4Fangren Hu5Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, ChinaNanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, ChinaArmy Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, ChinaNational University of Singapore, SingaporeArmy Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, ChinaNanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, ChinaIn this paper, a parking evaluation system based on the BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) and IDS (Intensity Distance Scoring) algorithm has been proposed. Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning technology and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm were applied to the BDS to achieve centimeter-level positioning. A dynamic error experiment was performed to verify the positioning accuracy. The parking evaluation system was developed using the IDS algorithm to score parking trajectories. A parking experiment was carried out in a simulated field to prove the effectiveness of the parking evaluation system. With the IDS algorithm, a parking lot in the simulation was modeled using an 8-bit grayscale map image. The map contains 1 departure area, 5 obstacle areas, and 2 parking areas. The intensity of each pixel in the remaining area is inversely proportional to its shorter distance to the two parking areas. The IDS algorithm evaluates parking through three aspects, the choice of different parking trajectories, parking time, and whether an obstacle area is passed through, which can effectively judge the driver's parking technology.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9261252/BDSRTKextended Kalman filterintensity distance scoringparking evaluation system |
| spellingShingle | Xieda Song Junhong Guo Zhidan Sun Rui Jiang Ling Luo Fangren Hu A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm IEEE Access BDS RTK extended Kalman filter intensity distance scoring parking evaluation system |
| title | A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm |
| title_full | A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm |
| title_fullStr | A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm |
| title_short | A Parking Evaluation System Based on the BDS and Intensity Distance Scoring Algorithm |
| title_sort | parking evaluation system based on the bds and intensity distance scoring algorithm |
| topic | BDS RTK extended Kalman filter intensity distance scoring parking evaluation system |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9261252/ |
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