Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution
A microwave distillation method was optimized for the extraction and isolation of cannabis essential oil from fresh and dried hemp inflorescences. The developed method enabled us to obtain a distilled product rich in terpenes and terpenoid compounds, responsible of the typical and unique smell of th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1588 |
| _version_ | 1797541456664068096 |
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| author | Giuseppe Micalizzi Filippo Alibrando Federica Vento Emanuela Trovato Mariosimone Zoccali Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello |
| author_facet | Giuseppe Micalizzi Filippo Alibrando Federica Vento Emanuela Trovato Mariosimone Zoccali Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello |
| author_sort | Giuseppe Micalizzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A microwave distillation method was optimized for the extraction and isolation of cannabis essential oil from fresh and dried hemp inflorescences. The developed method enabled us to obtain a distilled product rich in terpenes and terpenoid compounds, responsible of the typical and unique smell of the cannabis plant. The distillate from different hemp cultivars, including Kompolti, Futura 75, Carmagnola, Felina 32 and Finola were characterized by using a gas chromatograph equipped with both mass spectrometer and flame ionization detectors. In a single chromatographic run, the identity and absolute amounts of distilled compounds were determined. Peak assignment was established using a reliable approach based on the usage of two identification parameters, named reverse match, and linear retention index filter. Absolute quantification (mg g<sup>−1</sup>) of the analytes was performed using an internal standard method applying the flame ionization detector (FID) response factors according to each chemical family. An enantio-GC-MS method was also developed in order to evaluate the enantiomeric distribution of chiral compounds, an analytical approach commonly utilized for establishing the authenticity of suspicious samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:16:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-400a5340fda2425fae76d2cf0f5ee105 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:16:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-400a5340fda2425fae76d2cf0f5ee1052023-11-21T10:21:36ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-03-01266158810.3390/molecules26061588Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-DistributionGiuseppe Micalizzi0Filippo Alibrando1Federica Vento2Emanuela Trovato3Mariosimone Zoccali4Paolo Guarnaccia5Paola Dugo6Luigi Mondello7Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Mathematical and Computer Science, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyChromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ItalyA microwave distillation method was optimized for the extraction and isolation of cannabis essential oil from fresh and dried hemp inflorescences. The developed method enabled us to obtain a distilled product rich in terpenes and terpenoid compounds, responsible of the typical and unique smell of the cannabis plant. The distillate from different hemp cultivars, including Kompolti, Futura 75, Carmagnola, Felina 32 and Finola were characterized by using a gas chromatograph equipped with both mass spectrometer and flame ionization detectors. In a single chromatographic run, the identity and absolute amounts of distilled compounds were determined. Peak assignment was established using a reliable approach based on the usage of two identification parameters, named reverse match, and linear retention index filter. Absolute quantification (mg g<sup>−1</sup>) of the analytes was performed using an internal standard method applying the flame ionization detector (FID) response factors according to each chemical family. An enantio-GC-MS method was also developed in order to evaluate the enantiomeric distribution of chiral compounds, an analytical approach commonly utilized for establishing the authenticity of suspicious samples.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1588cannabis EOhempmicrowave hydro-distillationGC-MS/FIDenantio-GC |
| spellingShingle | Giuseppe Micalizzi Filippo Alibrando Federica Vento Emanuela Trovato Mariosimone Zoccali Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution Molecules cannabis EO hemp microwave hydro-distillation GC-MS/FID enantio-GC |
| title | Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution |
| title_full | Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution |
| title_short | Development of a Novel Microwave Distillation Technique for the Isolation of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Essential Oil and Gas Chromatography Analyses for the Comprehensive Characterization of Terpenes and Terpenoids, Including Their Enantio-Distribution |
| title_sort | development of a novel microwave distillation technique for the isolation of i cannabis sativa i l essential oil and gas chromatography analyses for the comprehensive characterization of terpenes and terpenoids including their enantio distribution |
| topic | cannabis EO hemp microwave hydro-distillation GC-MS/FID enantio-GC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1588 |
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