Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13618 |
| _version_ | 1797582315239505920 |
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| author | Ha Yeong Choi Ji-Eun Chang |
| author_facet | Ha Yeong Choi Ji-Eun Chang |
| author_sort | Ha Yeong Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on key molecular targets. Moreover, it aligns with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and drug candidates. In lung cancer, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements have emerged as significant targets. FDA-approved drugs like osimertinib and crizotinib specifically inhibit these aberrant pathways, providing remarkable benefits in patients with EGFR-mutated or ALK-positive lung cancer. Colorectal cancer treatment has been shaped by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and EGFR. Bevacizumab and cetuximab are prominent FDA-approved agents that hinder VEGF and EGFR signaling, significantly enhancing outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) targeting is pivotal. Drugs like enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide effectively inhibit AR signaling, demonstrating efficacy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review further highlights promising targets like mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), ROS1, BRAF, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) in specific cancer subsets, along with ongoing clinical trials that continue to shape the future of targeted therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:20:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-400bcbb713db49ab8a043abc1014d761 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:20:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-400bcbb713db49ab8a043abc1014d7612023-11-19T08:19:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-09-0124171361810.3390/ijms241713618Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved DrugsHa Yeong Choi0Ji-Eun Chang1College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of KoreaThe development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on key molecular targets. Moreover, it aligns with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and drug candidates. In lung cancer, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements have emerged as significant targets. FDA-approved drugs like osimertinib and crizotinib specifically inhibit these aberrant pathways, providing remarkable benefits in patients with EGFR-mutated or ALK-positive lung cancer. Colorectal cancer treatment has been shaped by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and EGFR. Bevacizumab and cetuximab are prominent FDA-approved agents that hinder VEGF and EGFR signaling, significantly enhancing outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) targeting is pivotal. Drugs like enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide effectively inhibit AR signaling, demonstrating efficacy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review further highlights promising targets like mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), ROS1, BRAF, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) in specific cancer subsets, along with ongoing clinical trials that continue to shape the future of targeted therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13618cancer targeted therapylung cancercolorectal cancerprostate cancerclinical trialsFDA-approved drugs |
| spellingShingle | Ha Yeong Choi Ji-Eun Chang Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs International Journal of Molecular Sciences cancer targeted therapy lung cancer colorectal cancer prostate cancer clinical trials FDA-approved drugs |
| title | Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs |
| title_full | Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs |
| title_fullStr | Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs |
| title_short | Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs |
| title_sort | targeted therapy for cancers from ongoing clinical trials to fda approved drugs |
| topic | cancer targeted therapy lung cancer colorectal cancer prostate cancer clinical trials FDA-approved drugs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13618 |
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