Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa
Abstract Translocation records indicate aoudad (Ammotragus lervia) populations in the United States are a product of multiple human‐mediated introductions. Two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b, cytb; displacement loop, D loop) and one nuclear gene (prion protein gene exon 3, PRNP) were used to de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8849 |
| _version_ | 1797924559431663616 |
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| author | Emily A. Wright Rachael C. Wiedmeier Emma K. Roberts David R. Pipkin Froylán Hernández Joseph P. Bayouth Warren C. Conway Robert D. Bradley |
| author_facet | Emily A. Wright Rachael C. Wiedmeier Emma K. Roberts David R. Pipkin Froylán Hernández Joseph P. Bayouth Warren C. Conway Robert D. Bradley |
| author_sort | Emily A. Wright |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Translocation records indicate aoudad (Ammotragus lervia) populations in the United States are a product of multiple human‐mediated introductions. Two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b, cytb; displacement loop, D loop) and one nuclear gene (prion protein gene exon 3, PRNP) were used to determine: (1) genetic variation, (2) if genetic units correspond to taxonomic designations, (3) the number and geographic origin of translocations, and (4) divergence times. Three phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and parsimony) produced similar topologies with two clades (I and II). Clade I contained progeny of individuals resulting from introductions to Texas and Spain, and individuals from Algeria. Individuals in Clade II were progeny of past introductions to the United States and Europe, and northern Algeria. Clade II was subdivided into two subclades (A and B) representing two haplogroups. No genetic variation was detected in the PRNP sequences. Three haplogroups appeared to correspond to the subspecies A. l. lervia and A. l. sahariensis whose native distribution includes northwestern Africa. Network analyses assigned haplogroups to two major groups similar to those depicted in the phylogenetic analyses. Genetic distances ranged from 0.80% to 5.17% and 2.99% to 15.42% for cytb and D loop, respectively; and were higher than normally recovered for caprids, warranting a reexamination of subspecific status. Divergence dates indicated a major split between A. l. lervia and A. l. sahariensis circa 2.38 mya. Together, the high level of genetic divergences among US populations and apparent presence of two subspecies of aoudad in the United States support the hypothesis of multiple introductions from multiple sources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:02:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-400ee8c95a404a35aad9d34561c95104 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:02:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-400ee8c95a404a35aad9d34561c951042023-02-15T09:01:29ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582022-04-01124n/an/a10.1002/ece3.8849Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern AfricaEmily A. Wright0Rachael C. Wiedmeier1Emma K. Roberts2David R. Pipkin3Froylán Hernández4Joseph P. Bayouth5Warren C. Conway6Robert D. Bradley7Department of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USADepartment of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USAClimate Sciences Center Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USAU.S. Department of Agriculture APHIS, Wildlife Services Canyon Texas USATexas Parks and Wildlife Department Alpine Texas USADepartment of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USADepartment of Natural Resources Management Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USADepartment of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USAAbstract Translocation records indicate aoudad (Ammotragus lervia) populations in the United States are a product of multiple human‐mediated introductions. Two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b, cytb; displacement loop, D loop) and one nuclear gene (prion protein gene exon 3, PRNP) were used to determine: (1) genetic variation, (2) if genetic units correspond to taxonomic designations, (3) the number and geographic origin of translocations, and (4) divergence times. Three phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and parsimony) produced similar topologies with two clades (I and II). Clade I contained progeny of individuals resulting from introductions to Texas and Spain, and individuals from Algeria. Individuals in Clade II were progeny of past introductions to the United States and Europe, and northern Algeria. Clade II was subdivided into two subclades (A and B) representing two haplogroups. No genetic variation was detected in the PRNP sequences. Three haplogroups appeared to correspond to the subspecies A. l. lervia and A. l. sahariensis whose native distribution includes northwestern Africa. Network analyses assigned haplogroups to two major groups similar to those depicted in the phylogenetic analyses. Genetic distances ranged from 0.80% to 5.17% and 2.99% to 15.42% for cytb and D loop, respectively; and were higher than normally recovered for caprids, warranting a reexamination of subspecific status. Divergence dates indicated a major split between A. l. lervia and A. l. sahariensis circa 2.38 mya. Together, the high level of genetic divergences among US populations and apparent presence of two subspecies of aoudad in the United States support the hypothesis of multiple introductions from multiple sources.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8849Ammotragus lerviacytochrome bdisplacement loopexotic speciesOvis canadensisprion protein |
| spellingShingle | Emily A. Wright Rachael C. Wiedmeier Emma K. Roberts David R. Pipkin Froylán Hernández Joseph P. Bayouth Warren C. Conway Robert D. Bradley Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa Ecology and Evolution Ammotragus lervia cytochrome b displacement loop exotic species Ovis canadensis prion protein |
| title | Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa |
| title_full | Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa |
| title_fullStr | Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa |
| title_short | Distinct mtDNA lineages in free‐ranging Ammotragus(aoudad) from the United States indicate multiple introductions from northern Africa |
| title_sort | distinct mtdna lineages in free ranging ammotragus aoudad from the united states indicate multiple introductions from northern africa |
| topic | Ammotragus lervia cytochrome b displacement loop exotic species Ovis canadensis prion protein |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8849 |
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