| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Considering that the costs of cellulases and hemicellulases contribute substantially to the price of bioethanol, new studies aimed at understanding and improving cellulase efficiency and productivity are of paramount importance. <it>Aspergillus niger </it>has been shown to produce a wide spectrum of polysaccharide hydrolytic enzymes. To understand how to improve enzymatic cocktails that can hydrolyze pretreated sugarcane bagasse, we used a genomics approach to investigate which genes and pathways are transcriptionally modulated during growth of <it>A. niger </it>on steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse (SEB).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Herein we report the main cellulase- and hemicellulase-encoding genes with increased expression during growth on SEB. We also sought to determine whether the mRNA accumulation of several SEB-induced genes encoding putative transporters is induced by xylose and dependent on glucose. We identified 18 (58% of <it>A. niger </it>predicted cellulases) and 21 (58% of <it>A. niger </it>predicted hemicellulases) cellulase- and hemicellulase-encoding genes, respectively, that were highly expressed during growth on SEB.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Degradation of sugarcane bagasse requires production of many different enzymes which are regulated by the type and complexity of the available substrate. Our presently reported work opens new possibilities for understanding sugarcane biomass saccharification by <it>A. niger </it>hydrolases and for the construction of more efficient enzymatic cocktails for second-generation bioethanol.</p>
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