Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks
The diagnostic workup of respiratory disease in pigs is complex due to coinfections and non-infectious causes. The detection of pathogens associated with respiratory disease is a pivotal part of the diagnostic workup for respiratory disease. We aimed to report how frequently certain viruses and bact...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/10/601 |
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| author | René Renzhammer Angelika Auer Igor Loncaric Annabell Entenfellner Katharina Dimmel Karin Walk Till Rümenapf Joachim Spergser Andrea Ladinig |
| author_facet | René Renzhammer Angelika Auer Igor Loncaric Annabell Entenfellner Katharina Dimmel Karin Walk Till Rümenapf Joachim Spergser Andrea Ladinig |
| author_sort | René Renzhammer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The diagnostic workup of respiratory disease in pigs is complex due to coinfections and non-infectious causes. The detection of pathogens associated with respiratory disease is a pivotal part of the diagnostic workup for respiratory disease. We aimed to report how frequently certain viruses and bacteria were detected in samples from pigs with respiratory symptoms in the course of routine diagnostic procedures. Altogether, 1975 routine diagnostic samples from pigs in Austrian swine stocks between 2016 and 2021 were analysed. PCR was performed to detect various pathogens, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) (n = 921), influenza A virus (n = 479), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) (n = 518), <i>Mycoplasma</i> (<i>M</i>.) <i>hyopneumoniae</i> (n = 713), <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> (n = 198), <i>Glaesserella</i> (<i>G.</i>) <i>parasuis</i> (n = 165) and <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (n = 180). <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (55.1%) had the highest detection rate, followed by PCV2 (38.0%) and <i>Streptococcus</i> (<i>S</i>.) <i>suis</i> (30.6%). PRRSV was detected most frequently in a pool of lung, tonsil and tracheobronchial lymph node (36.2%). <i>G. parasuis</i> was isolated more frequently from samples taken after euthanasia compared to field samples. PRRSV-positive samples were more likely to be positive for PCV2 (<i>p =</i> 0.001), <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.032) and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i>-positive samples were more likely to be positive for <i>P. multocida</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and <i>S. suis</i> (<i>p =</i> 0.046), but less likely for <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.004). In conclusion, our data provide evidence that lung samples that were positive for a primary pathogenic agent were more likely to be positive for a secondary pathogenic agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:49:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-405563ca7ebc4c5b907db08b0ef9d1fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:49:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-405563ca7ebc4c5b907db08b0ef9d1fa2023-11-19T18:25:48ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812023-10-01101060110.3390/vetsci10100601Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine StocksRené Renzhammer0Angelika Auer1Igor Loncaric2Annabell Entenfellner3Katharina Dimmel4Karin Walk5Till Rümenapf6Joachim Spergser7Andrea Ladinig8Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaTierklinik Sattledt, 4642 Sattledt, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaDepartment for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, AustriaThe diagnostic workup of respiratory disease in pigs is complex due to coinfections and non-infectious causes. The detection of pathogens associated with respiratory disease is a pivotal part of the diagnostic workup for respiratory disease. We aimed to report how frequently certain viruses and bacteria were detected in samples from pigs with respiratory symptoms in the course of routine diagnostic procedures. Altogether, 1975 routine diagnostic samples from pigs in Austrian swine stocks between 2016 and 2021 were analysed. PCR was performed to detect various pathogens, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) (n = 921), influenza A virus (n = 479), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) (n = 518), <i>Mycoplasma</i> (<i>M</i>.) <i>hyopneumoniae</i> (n = 713), <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> (n = 198), <i>Glaesserella</i> (<i>G.</i>) <i>parasuis</i> (n = 165) and <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (n = 180). <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (55.1%) had the highest detection rate, followed by PCV2 (38.0%) and <i>Streptococcus</i> (<i>S</i>.) <i>suis</i> (30.6%). PRRSV was detected most frequently in a pool of lung, tonsil and tracheobronchial lymph node (36.2%). <i>G. parasuis</i> was isolated more frequently from samples taken after euthanasia compared to field samples. PRRSV-positive samples were more likely to be positive for PCV2 (<i>p =</i> 0.001), <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.032) and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i>-positive samples were more likely to be positive for <i>P. multocida</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and <i>S. suis</i> (<i>p =</i> 0.046), but less likely for <i>M. hyorhinis</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.004). In conclusion, our data provide evidence that lung samples that were positive for a primary pathogenic agent were more likely to be positive for a secondary pathogenic agent.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/10/601PRDCrespiratory pathogenspigsdetection ratespecimenslung |
| spellingShingle | René Renzhammer Angelika Auer Igor Loncaric Annabell Entenfellner Katharina Dimmel Karin Walk Till Rümenapf Joachim Spergser Andrea Ladinig Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks Veterinary Sciences PRDC respiratory pathogens pigs detection rate specimens lung |
| title | Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks |
| title_full | Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks |
| title_fullStr | Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks |
| title_short | Retrospective Analysis of the Detection of Pathogens Associated with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Routine Diagnostic Samples from Austrian Swine Stocks |
| title_sort | retrospective analysis of the detection of pathogens associated with the porcine respiratory disease complex in routine diagnostic samples from austrian swine stocks |
| topic | PRDC respiratory pathogens pigs detection rate specimens lung |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/10/601 |
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