Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature
Heterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogene...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/1/226 |
| _version_ | 1797715498993975296 |
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| author | Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane |
| author_facet | Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane |
| author_sort | Maria-del-Mar Inda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogeneity has been studied widely, intra-tumor heterogeneity has been neglected even though numerous studies support this aspect of tumor pathobiology. The main reason has been the technical difficulties, but with new advances in single-cell technology, intra-tumor heterogeneity is becoming a key area in the study of cancer. Several models try to explain the origin and maintenance of intra-tumor heterogeneity, however, one prominent model compares cancer with a tree where the ubiquitous mutations compose the trunk and mutations present in subpopulations of cells are represented by the branches. In this review we will focus on the intra-tumor heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common brain tumor in adults that is characterized by a marked heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. Better understanding of this heterogeneity will be essential to design effective therapies against this devastating disease to avoid tumor escape. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:07:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4055ac5d6eb242859c570b6059bbbdf9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:07:40Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-4055ac5d6eb242859c570b6059bbbdf92023-09-02T19:24:29ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942014-01-016122623910.3390/cancers6010226cancers6010226Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous NatureMaria-del-Mar Inda0Rudy Bonavia1Joan Seoane2Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainTranslational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainTranslational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainHeterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogeneity has been studied widely, intra-tumor heterogeneity has been neglected even though numerous studies support this aspect of tumor pathobiology. The main reason has been the technical difficulties, but with new advances in single-cell technology, intra-tumor heterogeneity is becoming a key area in the study of cancer. Several models try to explain the origin and maintenance of intra-tumor heterogeneity, however, one prominent model compares cancer with a tree where the ubiquitous mutations compose the trunk and mutations present in subpopulations of cells are represented by the branches. In this review we will focus on the intra-tumor heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common brain tumor in adults that is characterized by a marked heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. Better understanding of this heterogeneity will be essential to design effective therapies against this devastating disease to avoid tumor escape.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/1/226heterogeneityglioblastomaclonal evolutioncancer stem cell |
| spellingShingle | Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature Cancers heterogeneity glioblastoma clonal evolution cancer stem cell |
| title | Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
| title_full | Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
| title_fullStr | Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
| title_short | Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
| title_sort | glioblastoma multiforme a look inside its heterogeneous nature |
| topic | heterogeneity glioblastoma clonal evolution cancer stem cell |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/1/226 |
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