Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women
This study assessed IgG levels to influenza/pertussis and neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses of COVID-19 vaccines in blood of pregnant women following immunization with pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. We prospectively collected 71 participants categorized by the following vacc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/312 |
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| author | Wei-Chun Chen Shu-Yu Hu Chao-Min Cheng Ching-Fen Shen Hui-Yu Chuang Chin-Ru Ker Der-Ji Sun Ching-Ju Shen |
| author_facet | Wei-Chun Chen Shu-Yu Hu Chao-Min Cheng Ching-Fen Shen Hui-Yu Chuang Chin-Ru Ker Der-Ji Sun Ching-Ju Shen |
| author_sort | Wei-Chun Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study assessed IgG levels to influenza/pertussis and neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses of COVID-19 vaccines in blood of pregnant women following immunization with pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. We prospectively collected 71 participants categorized by the following vaccine combinations: 3TI, 4TI, 3T, and 4T groups (three and four doses of COVID-19 vaccines plus Tdap/influenza or Tdap vaccines alone). Our findings have indicated that the 3TI group exhibited elevated IgG levels for influenza B compared to the 3T group (12.90 vs. 7.75 U, <i>p</i> = 0.001); this pattern was not observed for influenza A. Pertussis IgG levels remained uniform across all groups. The 4TI group demonstrated a greater Nab inhibition rate from COVID-19 vaccines compared to both the 3TI and 3T groups (61.34% vs. 22.5% and 15.16%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.001). We observed no correlation between Nab inhibition rate and IgG levels for Tdap/influenza, with the exception of a moderate correlation with influenza B in the 3TI group. The efficacy of Tdap vaccine in pregnant women remained consistent, regardless of the administration of COVID-19 or influenza vaccines. Interestingly, without the influenza vaccine, both three and four doses of the COVID-19 vaccine still offered protection against influenza A, but not B. Hence, co-administering COVID-19, influenza, and Tdap vaccines during prenatal care maintains immunogenicity and is highly advised to safeguard pregnant women fully. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-405b9cc8b72a43e4a46b8da0d074e9fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:56Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-405b9cc8b72a43e4a46b8da0d074e9fe2024-03-27T14:07:07ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2024-03-0112331210.3390/vaccines12030312Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant WomenWei-Chun Chen0Shu-Yu Hu1Chao-Min Cheng2Ching-Fen Shen3Hui-Yu Chuang4Chin-Ru Ker5Der-Ji Sun6Ching-Ju Shen7Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pojen Hospital, Kaohsiung 804, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, TaiwanThis study assessed IgG levels to influenza/pertussis and neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses of COVID-19 vaccines in blood of pregnant women following immunization with pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. We prospectively collected 71 participants categorized by the following vaccine combinations: 3TI, 4TI, 3T, and 4T groups (three and four doses of COVID-19 vaccines plus Tdap/influenza or Tdap vaccines alone). Our findings have indicated that the 3TI group exhibited elevated IgG levels for influenza B compared to the 3T group (12.90 vs. 7.75 U, <i>p</i> = 0.001); this pattern was not observed for influenza A. Pertussis IgG levels remained uniform across all groups. The 4TI group demonstrated a greater Nab inhibition rate from COVID-19 vaccines compared to both the 3TI and 3T groups (61.34% vs. 22.5% and 15.16%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.001). We observed no correlation between Nab inhibition rate and IgG levels for Tdap/influenza, with the exception of a moderate correlation with influenza B in the 3TI group. The efficacy of Tdap vaccine in pregnant women remained consistent, regardless of the administration of COVID-19 or influenza vaccines. Interestingly, without the influenza vaccine, both three and four doses of the COVID-19 vaccine still offered protection against influenza A, but not B. Hence, co-administering COVID-19, influenza, and Tdap vaccines during prenatal care maintains immunogenicity and is highly advised to safeguard pregnant women fully.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/312COVID-19 vaccineneutralizing antibodyNabTdappertussisinfluenza |
| spellingShingle | Wei-Chun Chen Shu-Yu Hu Chao-Min Cheng Ching-Fen Shen Hui-Yu Chuang Chin-Ru Ker Der-Ji Sun Ching-Ju Shen Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women Vaccines COVID-19 vaccine neutralizing antibody Nab Tdap pertussis influenza |
| title | Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women |
| title_full | Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women |
| title_fullStr | Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women |
| title_short | Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women |
| title_sort | pilot study on evaluating the impact of tetanus diphtheria and pertussis tdap influenza and covid 19 vaccinations on antibody responses in pregnant women |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccine neutralizing antibody Nab Tdap pertussis influenza |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/312 |
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