Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis
Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing an increasing burden of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Modifiable risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, central obesity, sedentary behaviours, smoking, poor diet (characterised by inadequate vegetable and fruit consumpti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-020-01573-3 |
| _version_ | 1818925517164773376 |
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| author | Geofrey Musinguzi Rawlance Ndejjo Isaac Ssinabulya Hilde Bastiaens Harm van Marwijk Rhoda K. Wanyenze |
| author_facet | Geofrey Musinguzi Rawlance Ndejjo Isaac Ssinabulya Hilde Bastiaens Harm van Marwijk Rhoda K. Wanyenze |
| author_sort | Geofrey Musinguzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing an increasing burden of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Modifiable risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, central obesity, sedentary behaviours, smoking, poor diet (characterised by inadequate vegetable and fruit consumption), and psychosocial stress are attributable to the growing burden of CVDs. Small geographical area mapping and analysis of these risk factors for CVD is lacking in most of sub-Saharan Africa and yet such data has the potential to inform monitoring and exploration of patterns of morbidity, health-care use, and mortality, as well as the epidemiology of risk factors. In the current study, we map and describe the distribution of the CVD risk factors in 20 parishes in two neighbouring districts in Uganda. Methods A baseline survey benchmarking a type-2 hybrid stepped wedge cluster randomised trial design was conducted in December 2018 and January 2019. A sample of 4372 adults aged 25–70 years was drawn from 3689 randomly selected households across 80 villages in 20 parishes in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear modelling controlled for clustering were conducted for this analysis in Stata 13.0, and a visual map showing risk factor distribution developed in QGIS. Results Mapping the prevalence of selected CVD risk factors indicated substantial gender and small area geographic heterogeneity which was masked on aggregate analysis. Patterns and clustering were observed for hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol consumption and risk factor combination. Prevalence of unhealthy diet was very high across all parishes with no significant observable differences across areas. Conclusion Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are common in this low-income context. Moreover, across small area geographic setting, it appears significant differences in distribution of risk factors exist. These differences suggest that underlying drivers such as sociocultural, environmental and economic determinants may be promoting or inhibiting the observed risk factor prevalences which should be further explored. In addition, the differences emphasize the value of small geographical area mapping and analysis to inform more targeted risk reduction interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:42:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40689ee929cc4fa79259504f0176ecd1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2261 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:42:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-40689ee929cc4fa79259504f0176ecd12022-12-21T19:56:17ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612020-06-0120111210.1186/s12872-020-01573-3Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysisGeofrey Musinguzi0Rawlance Ndejjo1Isaac Ssinabulya2Hilde Bastiaens3Harm van Marwijk4Rhoda K. Wanyenze5Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere UniversityDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere UniversityDepartment of Medicine, Makerere UniversityDepartment of Primary and Interdisciplinary care, University of AntwerpDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex University Medical SchoolDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere UniversityAbstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing an increasing burden of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Modifiable risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, central obesity, sedentary behaviours, smoking, poor diet (characterised by inadequate vegetable and fruit consumption), and psychosocial stress are attributable to the growing burden of CVDs. Small geographical area mapping and analysis of these risk factors for CVD is lacking in most of sub-Saharan Africa and yet such data has the potential to inform monitoring and exploration of patterns of morbidity, health-care use, and mortality, as well as the epidemiology of risk factors. In the current study, we map and describe the distribution of the CVD risk factors in 20 parishes in two neighbouring districts in Uganda. Methods A baseline survey benchmarking a type-2 hybrid stepped wedge cluster randomised trial design was conducted in December 2018 and January 2019. A sample of 4372 adults aged 25–70 years was drawn from 3689 randomly selected households across 80 villages in 20 parishes in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear modelling controlled for clustering were conducted for this analysis in Stata 13.0, and a visual map showing risk factor distribution developed in QGIS. Results Mapping the prevalence of selected CVD risk factors indicated substantial gender and small area geographic heterogeneity which was masked on aggregate analysis. Patterns and clustering were observed for hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol consumption and risk factor combination. Prevalence of unhealthy diet was very high across all parishes with no significant observable differences across areas. Conclusion Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are common in this low-income context. Moreover, across small area geographic setting, it appears significant differences in distribution of risk factors exist. These differences suggest that underlying drivers such as sociocultural, environmental and economic determinants may be promoting or inhibiting the observed risk factor prevalences which should be further explored. In addition, the differences emphasize the value of small geographical area mapping and analysis to inform more targeted risk reduction interventions.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-020-01573-3Cardiovascular risk factorsHypertensionPrevalenceSub-Saharan Africa |
| spellingShingle | Geofrey Musinguzi Rawlance Ndejjo Isaac Ssinabulya Hilde Bastiaens Harm van Marwijk Rhoda K. Wanyenze Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Cardiovascular risk factors Hypertension Prevalence Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title | Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis |
| title_full | Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis |
| title_short | Cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda: small area analysis |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risk factor mapping and distribution among adults in mukono and buikwe districts in uganda small area analysis |
| topic | Cardiovascular risk factors Hypertension Prevalence Sub-Saharan Africa |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-020-01573-3 |
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