Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice
Researchers from different fields have studied the causes of obesity and associated comorbidities, proposing ways to prevent and treat this condition by using a common animal model of obesity to create a profound energy imbalance in young adult rodents. However, to confirm the harmful effects of con...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Physiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944122000463 |
| _version_ | 1811293938898698240 |
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| author | Lais Marinho Aguiar Carolina Soares de Moura Cintia Reis Ballard Aline Rissetti Roquetto Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia Gustavo H.B. Duarte Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa Adriana Souza Torsoni Jaime Amaya-Farfan Mário R. Maróstica Junior Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin |
| author_facet | Lais Marinho Aguiar Carolina Soares de Moura Cintia Reis Ballard Aline Rissetti Roquetto Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia Gustavo H.B. Duarte Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa Adriana Souza Torsoni Jaime Amaya-Farfan Mário R. Maróstica Junior Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin |
| author_sort | Lais Marinho Aguiar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Researchers from different fields have studied the causes of obesity and associated comorbidities, proposing ways to prevent and treat this condition by using a common animal model of obesity to create a profound energy imbalance in young adult rodents. However, to confirm the harmful effects of consuming a high-fat and hypercaloric diet, it is common to include normolipidic and normocaloric control groups in the experimental protocols. This study compared the effect of three experimental diets described in the literature – namely, a high-fat diet, a high-fat and high-sucrose diet, and a high-fat and high-fructose diet – to induce obesity in C57BL/6 J mice with the standard AIN-93G diet as a control. We hypothesize that the AIN diet formulation is not a good control in this type of experiment because this diet promotes weight gain and metabolic dysfunctions similar to the hypercaloric diet. The metabolic data of animals fed the AIN-93G diet were similar to those of the high-calorie groups (development of steatosis and hyperlipidemia). However, it is important to emphasize that the group fed a high-fat diet had a higher percentage of total fat (p = 0.0002) and abdominal fat (p = 0.013) compared to the other groups. Also, the high-fat group responded poorly to glucose and insulin tolerance tests, showing a picture of insulin resistance. As expected, the intake of the AIN-93G diet promotes metabolic alterations in the animals like the high-fat formulations. Therefore, although this diet continues to be used as the gold standard for growth and maintenance, it warrants a reassessment of its composition to minimize the metabolic changes observed in this study, thus updating its fitness as a normocaloric model of a standard rodent diet. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:08:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-406e5a26d7c04f94b66be0b9279c3f36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2665-9441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:08:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Research in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-406e5a26d7c04f94b66be0b9279c3f362022-12-22T03:01:05ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Physiology2665-94412022-01-015436444Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J miceLais Marinho Aguiar0Carolina Soares de Moura1Cintia Reis Ballard2Aline Rissetti Roquetto3Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia4Gustavo H.B. Duarte5Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa6Adriana Souza Torsoni7Jaime Amaya-Farfan8Mário R. Maróstica Junior9Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin10University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Center for Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josué de Castro, S/n - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Medical Science, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Applied Sciences, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversity of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Corresponding author.Researchers from different fields have studied the causes of obesity and associated comorbidities, proposing ways to prevent and treat this condition by using a common animal model of obesity to create a profound energy imbalance in young adult rodents. However, to confirm the harmful effects of consuming a high-fat and hypercaloric diet, it is common to include normolipidic and normocaloric control groups in the experimental protocols. This study compared the effect of three experimental diets described in the literature – namely, a high-fat diet, a high-fat and high-sucrose diet, and a high-fat and high-fructose diet – to induce obesity in C57BL/6 J mice with the standard AIN-93G diet as a control. We hypothesize that the AIN diet formulation is not a good control in this type of experiment because this diet promotes weight gain and metabolic dysfunctions similar to the hypercaloric diet. The metabolic data of animals fed the AIN-93G diet were similar to those of the high-calorie groups (development of steatosis and hyperlipidemia). However, it is important to emphasize that the group fed a high-fat diet had a higher percentage of total fat (p = 0.0002) and abdominal fat (p = 0.013) compared to the other groups. Also, the high-fat group responded poorly to glucose and insulin tolerance tests, showing a picture of insulin resistance. As expected, the intake of the AIN-93G diet promotes metabolic alterations in the animals like the high-fat formulations. Therefore, although this diet continues to be used as the gold standard for growth and maintenance, it warrants a reassessment of its composition to minimize the metabolic changes observed in this study, thus updating its fitness as a normocaloric model of a standard rodent diet.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944122000463ObesityExperimental animal modelsInsulin resistanceBlood glucoseMetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Lais Marinho Aguiar Carolina Soares de Moura Cintia Reis Ballard Aline Rissetti Roquetto Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia Gustavo H.B. Duarte Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa Adriana Souza Torsoni Jaime Amaya-Farfan Mário R. Maróstica Junior Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice Current Research in Physiology Obesity Experimental animal models Insulin resistance Blood glucose Metabolomics |
| title | Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice |
| title_full | Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice |
| title_short | Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice |
| title_sort | metabolic dysfunctions promoted by ain 93g standard diet compared with three obesity inducing diets in c57bl 6j mice |
| topic | Obesity Experimental animal models Insulin resistance Blood glucose Metabolomics |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944122000463 |
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