T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights
Ischemic stroke, caused by a sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, is a leading cause of death and exerts a heavy burden on both patients and public health systems. Currently available treatments for ischemic stroke are very limited and are not feasible in many patients due to strict time wi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.707972/full |
| _version_ | 1818740070986809344 |
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| author | Dianhui Zhang Jiaxin Ren Yun Luo Yun Luo Qianyan He Ruoyu Zhao Junlei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo |
| author_facet | Dianhui Zhang Jiaxin Ren Yun Luo Yun Luo Qianyan He Ruoyu Zhao Junlei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo |
| author_sort | Dianhui Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ischemic stroke, caused by a sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, is a leading cause of death and exerts a heavy burden on both patients and public health systems. Currently available treatments for ischemic stroke are very limited and are not feasible in many patients due to strict time windows required for their administration. Thus, novel treatment strategies are keenly required. T cells, which are part of the adaptive immune system, have gained more attention for its effects in ischemic stroke. Both preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the conflicting roles for T cells in post-stroke inflammation and as potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the mediators of T cell recruitment, as well as the temporal course of its infiltration through the blood-brain-barrier, choroid plexus, and meningeal pathways. Furthermore, we describe the mechanisms behind the deleterious and beneficial effects of T cells in the brain, in both antigen-dependent and antigen-independent manners, and finally we specifically focus on clinical and preclinical studies that have investigated T cells as potential therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:34:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4077506af11646f481077b11561d693c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:34:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4077506af11646f481077b11561d693c2022-12-21T21:25:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-07-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.707972707972T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational InsightsDianhui Zhang0Jiaxin Ren1Yun Luo2Yun Luo3Qianyan He4Ruoyu Zhao5Junlei Chang6Yi Yang7Zhen-Ni Guo8Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaNeuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaIschemic stroke, caused by a sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, is a leading cause of death and exerts a heavy burden on both patients and public health systems. Currently available treatments for ischemic stroke are very limited and are not feasible in many patients due to strict time windows required for their administration. Thus, novel treatment strategies are keenly required. T cells, which are part of the adaptive immune system, have gained more attention for its effects in ischemic stroke. Both preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the conflicting roles for T cells in post-stroke inflammation and as potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the mediators of T cell recruitment, as well as the temporal course of its infiltration through the blood-brain-barrier, choroid plexus, and meningeal pathways. Furthermore, we describe the mechanisms behind the deleterious and beneficial effects of T cells in the brain, in both antigen-dependent and antigen-independent manners, and finally we specifically focus on clinical and preclinical studies that have investigated T cells as potential therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.707972/fullT cellsischemic strokepost-stroke inflammationstroke therapyimmune responses |
| spellingShingle | Dianhui Zhang Jiaxin Ren Yun Luo Yun Luo Qianyan He Ruoyu Zhao Junlei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights Frontiers in Immunology T cells ischemic stroke post-stroke inflammation stroke therapy immune responses |
| title | T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights |
| title_full | T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights |
| title_fullStr | T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights |
| title_full_unstemmed | T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights |
| title_short | T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights |
| title_sort | t cell response in ischemic stroke from mechanisms to translational insights |
| topic | T cells ischemic stroke post-stroke inflammation stroke therapy immune responses |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.707972/full |
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