Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>
Vegetables of the <i>Allium</i> genus are prone to infection by <i>Fusarium</i> fungi. Chitinases of the GH19 family are pathogenesis-related proteins inhibiting fungal growth through the hydrolysis of cell wall chitin; however, the information on garlic (<i>Allium sati...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/720 |
| _version_ | 1797538461614342144 |
|---|---|
| author | Mikhail A. Filyushin Olga K. Anisimova Elena Z. Kochieva Anna V. Shchennikova |
| author_facet | Mikhail A. Filyushin Olga K. Anisimova Elena Z. Kochieva Anna V. Shchennikova |
| author_sort | Mikhail A. Filyushin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vegetables of the <i>Allium</i> genus are prone to infection by <i>Fusarium</i> fungi. Chitinases of the GH19 family are pathogenesis-related proteins inhibiting fungal growth through the hydrolysis of cell wall chitin; however, the information on garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) chitinases is limited. In the present study, we identified seven class I chitinase genes, <i>AsCHI1–7</i>, in the <i>A. sativum</i> cv. Ershuizao genome, which may have a conserved function in the garlic defense against <i>Fusarium</i> attack. The <i>AsCHI1–7</i> promoters contained jasmonic acid-, salicylic acid-, gibberellins-, abscisic acid-, auxin-, ethylene-, and stress-responsive elements associated with defense against pathogens. The expression of <i>AsCHI2</i>, <i>AsCHI3</i>, and <i>AsCHI7</i> genes was constitutive in <i>Fusarium</i>-resistant and -susceptible garlic cultivars and was mostly induced at the early stage of <i>F. proliferatum</i> infection. In roots, <i>AsCHI2</i> and <i>AsCHI3</i> mRNA levels were increased in the susceptible and decreased in the resistant cultivar, whereas in cloves, <i>AsCHI7</i> and <i>AsCHI5</i> expression was decreased in the susceptible but increased in the resistant plants, suggesting that these genes are involved in the garlic response to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> attack. Our results provide insights into the role of chitinases in garlic and may be useful for breeding programs to increase the resistance of <i>Allium</i> crops to <i>Fusarium</i> infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:31:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4089198d8126487499dbd44e13552677 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:31:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-4089198d8126487499dbd44e135526772023-11-21T14:36:00ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-04-0110472010.3390/plants10040720Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>Mikhail A. Filyushin0Olga K. Anisimova1Elena Z. Kochieva2Anna V. Shchennikova3Research Center of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, RussiaResearch Center of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, RussiaResearch Center of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, RussiaResearch Center of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, RussiaVegetables of the <i>Allium</i> genus are prone to infection by <i>Fusarium</i> fungi. Chitinases of the GH19 family are pathogenesis-related proteins inhibiting fungal growth through the hydrolysis of cell wall chitin; however, the information on garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) chitinases is limited. In the present study, we identified seven class I chitinase genes, <i>AsCHI1–7</i>, in the <i>A. sativum</i> cv. Ershuizao genome, which may have a conserved function in the garlic defense against <i>Fusarium</i> attack. The <i>AsCHI1–7</i> promoters contained jasmonic acid-, salicylic acid-, gibberellins-, abscisic acid-, auxin-, ethylene-, and stress-responsive elements associated with defense against pathogens. The expression of <i>AsCHI2</i>, <i>AsCHI3</i>, and <i>AsCHI7</i> genes was constitutive in <i>Fusarium</i>-resistant and -susceptible garlic cultivars and was mostly induced at the early stage of <i>F. proliferatum</i> infection. In roots, <i>AsCHI2</i> and <i>AsCHI3</i> mRNA levels were increased in the susceptible and decreased in the resistant cultivar, whereas in cloves, <i>AsCHI7</i> and <i>AsCHI5</i> expression was decreased in the susceptible but increased in the resistant plants, suggesting that these genes are involved in the garlic response to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> attack. Our results provide insights into the role of chitinases in garlic and may be useful for breeding programs to increase the resistance of <i>Allium</i> crops to <i>Fusarium</i> infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/720garlic <i>Allium sativum</i> L.GH19 familyclass I chitinasesbiotic stress<i>Fusarium</i> spp.gene structure |
| spellingShingle | Mikhail A. Filyushin Olga K. Anisimova Elena Z. Kochieva Anna V. Shchennikova Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> Plants garlic <i>Allium sativum</i> L. GH19 family class I chitinases biotic stress <i>Fusarium</i> spp. gene structure |
| title | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of Chitinase Class I Genes in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i> |
| title_sort | genome wide identification and expression of chitinase class i genes in garlic i allium sativum i l cultivars resistant and susceptible to i fusarium proliferatum i |
| topic | garlic <i>Allium sativum</i> L. GH19 family class I chitinases biotic stress <i>Fusarium</i> spp. gene structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/720 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mikhailafilyushin genomewideidentificationandexpressionofchitinaseclassigenesingarlicialliumsativumilcultivarsresistantandsusceptibletoifusariumproliferatumi AT olgakanisimova genomewideidentificationandexpressionofchitinaseclassigenesingarlicialliumsativumilcultivarsresistantandsusceptibletoifusariumproliferatumi AT elenazkochieva genomewideidentificationandexpressionofchitinaseclassigenesingarlicialliumsativumilcultivarsresistantandsusceptibletoifusariumproliferatumi AT annavshchennikova genomewideidentificationandexpressionofchitinaseclassigenesingarlicialliumsativumilcultivarsresistantandsusceptibletoifusariumproliferatumi |