Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization
Thermally stable titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) doped with erbium ions (Er<sup>3+</sup>) are characterized by uniformity, low excitation energy, and high surface area. The impregnation methodology was used to enhance the optical properties of TiO<sub&...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2190 |
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| author | Lina Mohammed Shaker Ahmed Alamiery Mohd Takriff Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak |
| author_facet | Lina Mohammed Shaker Ahmed Alamiery Mohd Takriff Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak |
| author_sort | Lina Mohammed Shaker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermally stable titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) doped with erbium ions (Er<sup>3+</sup>) are characterized by uniformity, low excitation energy, and high surface area. The impregnation methodology was used to enhance the optical properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs impregnated with various Er<sup>3+</sup> ion contents. The synthesized Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> samples were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), metal mapping, UV–Visible spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Er<sup>3+</sup> ions, per our findings, were well-distributed on the TiO<sub>2</sub> surface of the anatase phase and there was an insignificant difference in particle size, but there was no change in the particle shapes of the Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs structure. The maximum band gap degradation occurred with 1.8 wt % of Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub>, where the energy gap degraded from 3.13 to 2.63 eV for intrinsic TiO<sub>2</sub>. The synthesized Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> samples possess predominantly finely dispersed erbium ion species on the surface. Er<sup>3+</sup> ions agglomeration on the surface increased with increasing ions in each sample. We found that 0.6 wt/vol % of Er<sup>+3</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> is the best optical coating and produced satisfying results in terms of blocking the transmittance of blue wavelength without reducing the image quality. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-409caa30e1c5414a904159129aa1508a2023-11-22T14:28:41ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-08-01119219010.3390/nano11092190Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and CharacterizationLina Mohammed Shaker0Ahmed Alamiery1Mohd Takriff2Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaThermally stable titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) doped with erbium ions (Er<sup>3+</sup>) are characterized by uniformity, low excitation energy, and high surface area. The impregnation methodology was used to enhance the optical properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs impregnated with various Er<sup>3+</sup> ion contents. The synthesized Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> samples were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), metal mapping, UV–Visible spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Er<sup>3+</sup> ions, per our findings, were well-distributed on the TiO<sub>2</sub> surface of the anatase phase and there was an insignificant difference in particle size, but there was no change in the particle shapes of the Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs structure. The maximum band gap degradation occurred with 1.8 wt % of Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub>, where the energy gap degraded from 3.13 to 2.63 eV for intrinsic TiO<sub>2</sub>. The synthesized Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> samples possess predominantly finely dispersed erbium ion species on the surface. Er<sup>3+</sup> ions agglomeration on the surface increased with increasing ions in each sample. We found that 0.6 wt/vol % of Er<sup>+3</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> is the best optical coating and produced satisfying results in terms of blocking the transmittance of blue wavelength without reducing the image quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2190titanium dioxideerbium ionshigh surface areaimpregnation methodoptical characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Lina Mohammed Shaker Ahmed Alamiery Mohd Takriff Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization Nanomaterials titanium dioxide erbium ions high surface area impregnation method optical characteristics |
| title | Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization |
| title_full | Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization |
| title_fullStr | Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization |
| title_short | Novel Blue-Wavelength-Blocking Contact Lens with Er<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs: Manufacture and Characterization |
| title_sort | novel blue wavelength blocking contact lens with er sup 3 sup tio sub 2 sub nps manufacture and characterization |
| topic | titanium dioxide erbium ions high surface area impregnation method optical characteristics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2190 |
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