Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq)
Floods frequently threaten villages near the Khazir River’s floodplains, causing crop losses and threatening residential areas. We used flood-related hydrological software, including WMS and HEC-HMS, to study this issue and determine how to reduce the recurrence of flooding. The software can be used...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/22/3779 |
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| author | Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein Shuhab Khan Kaouther Ncibi Noureddine Hamdi Younes Hamed |
| author_facet | Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein Shuhab Khan Kaouther Ncibi Noureddine Hamdi Younes Hamed |
| author_sort | Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Floods frequently threaten villages near the Khazir River’s floodplains, causing crop losses and threatening residential areas. We used flood-related hydrological software, including WMS and HEC-HMS, to study this issue and determine how to reduce the recurrence of flooding. The software can be used to calculate a hydrograph of torrential flows in a river drainage basin and estimate the volume of torrential water and its flow rates on the Earth’s surface. The depth of rain has been evaluated and calculated in the SCS Unit Hydrograph for different return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years. According to our study’s findings, the volume of the river’s drainage basin floods ranged between 29,680 and 2,229,200 m<sup>3</sup>, and the maximum flow value ranged between 10.4 and 66.4 m<sup>3</sup>/sec during various reference periods. To analyze and model the flood risks of the Khazir River, the HEC-RAS model was combined with the HEC-GeoRAS extension in ArcGIS. The floods were the focus of two study periods, 2013 and 2018, and were based on the digital elevation model and river discharge during the floods. According to the classification map of the flood depths, the areas of flood risk varied from low to very low (80.31%), medium (16.03%), and high to very high (3.8%). The analysis of the results revealed that the villages closest to the river’s mouth were more affected by the floods than other villages further downstream. HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS have been shown to have a strong correlation in evaluating flood risks and reliably forecasting future floods in the study area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:55:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40abe3c1573c434f937ee39a0d269ba0 |
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| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:55:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-40abe3c1573c434f937ee39a0d269ba02023-11-24T10:22:52ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-11-011422377910.3390/w14223779Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq)Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein0Shuhab Khan1Kaouther Ncibi2Noureddine Hamdi3Younes Hamed4Department of Water Resources, Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabes (ISSTEG), University of Gabès, Gabès 6072, TunisiaDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Science and Research Building 1, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USADepartment of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory for the Application of Materials to the Environment, Water and Energy (LAM3E), University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, TunisiaDepartment of Water Resources, Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabes (ISSTEG), University of Gabès, Gabès 6072, TunisiaDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Science and Research Building 1, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USAFloods frequently threaten villages near the Khazir River’s floodplains, causing crop losses and threatening residential areas. We used flood-related hydrological software, including WMS and HEC-HMS, to study this issue and determine how to reduce the recurrence of flooding. The software can be used to calculate a hydrograph of torrential flows in a river drainage basin and estimate the volume of torrential water and its flow rates on the Earth’s surface. The depth of rain has been evaluated and calculated in the SCS Unit Hydrograph for different return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years. According to our study’s findings, the volume of the river’s drainage basin floods ranged between 29,680 and 2,229,200 m<sup>3</sup>, and the maximum flow value ranged between 10.4 and 66.4 m<sup>3</sup>/sec during various reference periods. To analyze and model the flood risks of the Khazir River, the HEC-RAS model was combined with the HEC-GeoRAS extension in ArcGIS. The floods were the focus of two study periods, 2013 and 2018, and were based on the digital elevation model and river discharge during the floods. According to the classification map of the flood depths, the areas of flood risk varied from low to very low (80.31%), medium (16.03%), and high to very high (3.8%). The analysis of the results revealed that the villages closest to the river’s mouth were more affected by the floods than other villages further downstream. HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS have been shown to have a strong correlation in evaluating flood risks and reliably forecasting future floods in the study area.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/22/3779Khazir RiverfloodsArc GISHEC-RASHEC-HMSIraq |
| spellingShingle | Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein Shuhab Khan Kaouther Ncibi Noureddine Hamdi Younes Hamed Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) Water Khazir River floods Arc GIS HEC-RAS HEC-HMS Iraq |
| title | Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) |
| title_full | Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) |
| title_fullStr | Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) |
| title_short | Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq) |
| title_sort | flood analysis using hec ras and hec hms a case study of khazir river middle east northern iraq |
| topic | Khazir River floods Arc GIS HEC-RAS HEC-HMS Iraq |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/22/3779 |
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