The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats
This study investigated the ameliorative effects of beta-carotene (BC) on diabetes-associated vascular dementia and its action against biomolecule oxidation. The diabetic vascular dementia (VaD) was induced by administration of nicotinamide (NA; 50 mg/kg; <i>i.p.</i>) and streptozotocin...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4293 |
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| author | Khian Giap Lim Rajavel Varatharajan Arunachalam Muthuraman |
| author_facet | Khian Giap Lim Rajavel Varatharajan Arunachalam Muthuraman |
| author_sort | Khian Giap Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the ameliorative effects of beta-carotene (BC) on diabetes-associated vascular dementia and its action against biomolecule oxidation. The diabetic vascular dementia (VaD) was induced by administration of nicotinamide (NA; 50 mg/kg; <i>i.p.</i>) and streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; <i>i.p.</i>). The test compound, BC (50 and 100 mg/kg; <i>p.o.</i>), and the reference compound, donepezil (DP) (1 mg/kg; <i>p.o.</i>), were administered for 15 consecutive days. Changes in learning and memory were assessed by escape latency time (ELT) and times spent in target quadrant (TSTQ) in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The changes in neurotransmitter, i.e., acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and oxidative stress markers, i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were estimated in hippocampal tissue of the rat brain. The administration of STZ caused significant deterioration of cognitive function (decreased ELT and raised the TSTQ) as compared to the normal group. Treatment with BC and DP diminished the increased AChE activity, TBARS level and decreased GSH level caused by STZ. Thus, BC ameliorates the diabetic vascular complications in VaD due to its potential anticholinergic, antioxidative and free radical scavenging actions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:26:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40b129d6b76944c4a92599f84516e4dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:26:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-40b129d6b76944c4a92599f84516e4dd2023-12-01T21:37:02ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-07-012713429310.3390/molecules27134293The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in RatsKhian Giap Lim0Rajavel Varatharajan1Arunachalam Muthuraman2Faculty of Pharmacy, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, MalaysiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, MalaysiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, MalaysiaThis study investigated the ameliorative effects of beta-carotene (BC) on diabetes-associated vascular dementia and its action against biomolecule oxidation. The diabetic vascular dementia (VaD) was induced by administration of nicotinamide (NA; 50 mg/kg; <i>i.p.</i>) and streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; <i>i.p.</i>). The test compound, BC (50 and 100 mg/kg; <i>p.o.</i>), and the reference compound, donepezil (DP) (1 mg/kg; <i>p.o.</i>), were administered for 15 consecutive days. Changes in learning and memory were assessed by escape latency time (ELT) and times spent in target quadrant (TSTQ) in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The changes in neurotransmitter, i.e., acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and oxidative stress markers, i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were estimated in hippocampal tissue of the rat brain. The administration of STZ caused significant deterioration of cognitive function (decreased ELT and raised the TSTQ) as compared to the normal group. Treatment with BC and DP diminished the increased AChE activity, TBARS level and decreased GSH level caused by STZ. Thus, BC ameliorates the diabetic vascular complications in VaD due to its potential anticholinergic, antioxidative and free radical scavenging actions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4293acetylcholinesteraselipid peroxidationMorris water mazereduced glutathionethiobarbituric acid |
| spellingShingle | Khian Giap Lim Rajavel Varatharajan Arunachalam Muthuraman The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats Molecules acetylcholinesterase lipid peroxidation Morris water maze reduced glutathione thiobarbituric acid |
| title | The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats |
| title_full | The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats |
| title_fullStr | The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats |
| title_short | The Attenuating Effect of Beta-Carotene on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia Symptoms in Rats |
| title_sort | attenuating effect of beta carotene on streptozotocin induced diabetic vascular dementia symptoms in rats |
| topic | acetylcholinesterase lipid peroxidation Morris water maze reduced glutathione thiobarbituric acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/13/4293 |
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