Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
Tectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxopl...
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EDP Sciences
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Parasite |
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| Online Access: | https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2018/01/parasite170133/parasite170133.html |
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| author | Dégbé Mlatovi Debierre-Grockiego Françoise Tété-Bénissan Amivi Débare Héloïse Aklikokou Kodjo Dimier-Poisson Isabelle Gbeassor Messanvi |
| author_facet | Dégbé Mlatovi Debierre-Grockiego Françoise Tété-Bénissan Amivi Débare Héloïse Aklikokou Kodjo Dimier-Poisson Isabelle Gbeassor Messanvi |
| author_sort | Dégbé Mlatovi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. Ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves had proportional contents of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This extract presented the highest efficacy against T. gondii, the lowest cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, but moderate anti-oxidant activity compared to other plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of T. grandis bark also had elevated anti-T. gondii activity, low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, and one of the highest anti-oxidant activities. However, the phytochemical content of this extract was not very different from the hydro-ethanolic extract, which had no anti-T. gondii activity. In addition, ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves, but not of T. grandis bark, significantly increased the production of TNF-α and NO by antigen-presenting cells. Both extracts had the tendency to decrease expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules at the surface of antigen-presenting cells, while they did not modulate the percentage of apoptotic cells. A study of signalling pathways would help to determine the mechanisms of action of these plant extracts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:01:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40b6445c0de54ab0899cebbdfe43fc1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1776-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:01:59Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasite |
| spelling | doaj.art-40b6445c0de54ab0899cebbdfe43fc1d2023-12-02T11:17:21ZengEDP SciencesParasite1776-10422018-01-01251110.1051/parasite/2018014parasite170133Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitroDégbé Mlatovi0Debierre-Grockiego Françoise1Tété-Bénissan Amivi2Débare Héloïse3Aklikokou Kodjo4Dimier-Poisson Isabelle5Gbeassor Messanvi6Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences, Université de LoméISP, INRA, Université ToursLaboratoire de Physiologie et de Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences, Université de LoméISP, INRA, Université ToursLaboratoire de Physiologie et de Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences, Université de LoméISP, INRA, Université ToursLaboratoire de Physiologie et de Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences, Université de LoméTectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. Ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves had proportional contents of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This extract presented the highest efficacy against T. gondii, the lowest cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, but moderate anti-oxidant activity compared to other plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of T. grandis bark also had elevated anti-T. gondii activity, low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, and one of the highest anti-oxidant activities. However, the phytochemical content of this extract was not very different from the hydro-ethanolic extract, which had no anti-T. gondii activity. In addition, ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves, but not of T. grandis bark, significantly increased the production of TNF-α and NO by antigen-presenting cells. Both extracts had the tendency to decrease expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules at the surface of antigen-presenting cells, while they did not modulate the percentage of apoptotic cells. A study of signalling pathways would help to determine the mechanisms of action of these plant extracts.https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2018/01/parasite170133/parasite170133.htmlt. grandisv. amygdalinacytotoxicityoxidationinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Dégbé Mlatovi Debierre-Grockiego Françoise Tété-Bénissan Amivi Débare Héloïse Aklikokou Kodjo Dimier-Poisson Isabelle Gbeassor Messanvi Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro Parasite t. grandis v. amygdalina cytotoxicity oxidation inflammation |
| title | Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro |
| title_full | Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro |
| title_fullStr | Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro |
| title_short | Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro |
| title_sort | extracts of tectona grandis and vernonia amygdalina have anti toxoplasma and pro inflammatory properties in vitro |
| topic | t. grandis v. amygdalina cytotoxicity oxidation inflammation |
| url | https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2018/01/parasite170133/parasite170133.html |
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