Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections?
Obesity is one of the most pressing healthcare concerns of the twenty-first century. Obesity prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades, and in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and 650 million were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2<...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Obesities |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/3/1/5 |
| _version_ | 1827748214221045760 |
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| author | Rafia Aziz Afak Yusuf Sherwani Saeed Al Mahri Shuja Shafi Malik Sameer Mohammad |
| author_facet | Rafia Aziz Afak Yusuf Sherwani Saeed Al Mahri Shuja Shafi Malik Sameer Mohammad |
| author_sort | Rafia Aziz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is one of the most pressing healthcare concerns of the twenty-first century. Obesity prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades, and in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and 650 million were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). About 50% of the world’s population is anticipated to be obese/overweight within the next decade. Obesity is a major risk factor for a variety of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and a variety of malignancies. Obesity has emerged as a substantial risk factor for hospitalization and death from viral respiratory infections such as influenza A and the ongoing pandemic SARS-CoV-2. Several independent studies have indicated that obese/overweight patients are at a higher risk of severe disease and death from these respiratory diseases. Excess fat, particularly visceral fat, contributes to the development of a variety of metabolic disorders, including persistent systemic inflammation and decreased immunological function. As a result, the immunological response to infectious pathogens is weakened, resulting in poorer outcomes post-infection. Additionally, the poor lung mechanics associated with obesity may increase the risk of more serious respiratory infections. In this review, we address the likely mechanism(s) that predispose obese people to severe diseases caused by viral respiratory infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:04:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40b81e43badd4c5382989384b3a87474 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4168 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:04:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Obesities |
| spelling | doaj.art-40b81e43badd4c5382989384b3a874742023-11-17T13:07:23ZengMDPI AGObesities2673-41682023-02-0131465810.3390/obesities3010005Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections?Rafia Aziz0Afak Yusuf Sherwani1Saeed Al Mahri2Shuja Shafi Malik3Sameer Mohammad4Department of Gynecology, Government Medical College Baramulla, Baramulla 193103, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaDepartment of General Surgery, Government Medical College Baramulla, Baramulla 193101, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaExperimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi ArabiaExperimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi ArabiaExperimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi ArabiaObesity is one of the most pressing healthcare concerns of the twenty-first century. Obesity prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades, and in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and 650 million were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). About 50% of the world’s population is anticipated to be obese/overweight within the next decade. Obesity is a major risk factor for a variety of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and a variety of malignancies. Obesity has emerged as a substantial risk factor for hospitalization and death from viral respiratory infections such as influenza A and the ongoing pandemic SARS-CoV-2. Several independent studies have indicated that obese/overweight patients are at a higher risk of severe disease and death from these respiratory diseases. Excess fat, particularly visceral fat, contributes to the development of a variety of metabolic disorders, including persistent systemic inflammation and decreased immunological function. As a result, the immunological response to infectious pathogens is weakened, resulting in poorer outcomes post-infection. Additionally, the poor lung mechanics associated with obesity may increase the risk of more serious respiratory infections. In this review, we address the likely mechanism(s) that predispose obese people to severe diseases caused by viral respiratory infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/3/1/5COVID-19obesityinnate and adaptive immunityinflammationinsulin resistanceviral respiratory infections |
| spellingShingle | Rafia Aziz Afak Yusuf Sherwani Saeed Al Mahri Shuja Shafi Malik Sameer Mohammad Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? Obesities COVID-19 obesity innate and adaptive immunity inflammation insulin resistance viral respiratory infections |
| title | Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? |
| title_full | Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? |
| title_fullStr | Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? |
| title_short | Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections? |
| title_sort | why are obese people predisposed to severe disease in viral respiratory infections |
| topic | COVID-19 obesity innate and adaptive immunity inflammation insulin resistance viral respiratory infections |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/3/1/5 |
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