Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood
The tribe Aquilarieae of the family Thymelaeaceae consists of two genera, Aquilaria and Gyrinops, with a total of 30 species, distributed from northeast India, through southeast Asia and the south of China, to Papua New Guinea. They are an important botanical resource for fragrant agarwood, a prized...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.00712/full |
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| author | Azman H. Farah Shiou Yih Lee Zhihui Gao Tze Leong Yao Maria Madon Rozi Mohamed |
| author_facet | Azman H. Farah Shiou Yih Lee Zhihui Gao Tze Leong Yao Maria Madon Rozi Mohamed |
| author_sort | Azman H. Farah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The tribe Aquilarieae of the family Thymelaeaceae consists of two genera, Aquilaria and Gyrinops, with a total of 30 species, distributed from northeast India, through southeast Asia and the south of China, to Papua New Guinea. They are an important botanical resource for fragrant agarwood, a prized product derived from injured or infected stems of these species. The aim of this study was to estimate the genome size of selected Aquilaria species and comprehend the evolutionary history of Aquilarieae speciation through molecular phylogeny. Five non-coding chloroplast DNA regions and a nuclear region were sequenced from 12 Aquilaria and three Gyrinops species. Phylogenetic trees constructed using combined chloroplast DNA sequences revealed relationships of the studied 15 members in Aquilarieae, while nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences showed a paraphyletic relationship between Aquilaria species from Indochina and Malesian. We exposed, for the first time, the estimated divergence time for Aquilarieae speciation, which was speculated to happen during the Miocene Epoch. The ancestral split and biogeographic pattern of studied species were discussed. Results showed no large variation in the 2C-values for the five Aquilaria species (1.35–2.23 pg). Further investigation into the genome size may provide additional information regarding ancestral traits and its evolution history. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T22:21:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40bff2a470a64820b8c4f344f5e2bbc0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T22:21:24Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-40bff2a470a64820b8c4f344f5e2bbc02022-12-21T23:29:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2018-05-01910.3389/fpls.2018.00712321994Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of AgarwoodAzman H. Farah0Shiou Yih Lee1Zhihui Gao2Tze Leong Yao3Maria Madon4Rozi Mohamed5Forest Biotech Laboratory, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM Serdang), Seri Kembangan, MalaysiaForest Biotech Laboratory, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM Serdang), Seri Kembangan, MalaysiaKey Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medicinal Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaForest Research Institute Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaGenomics Unit, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaForest Biotech Laboratory, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM Serdang), Seri Kembangan, MalaysiaThe tribe Aquilarieae of the family Thymelaeaceae consists of two genera, Aquilaria and Gyrinops, with a total of 30 species, distributed from northeast India, through southeast Asia and the south of China, to Papua New Guinea. They are an important botanical resource for fragrant agarwood, a prized product derived from injured or infected stems of these species. The aim of this study was to estimate the genome size of selected Aquilaria species and comprehend the evolutionary history of Aquilarieae speciation through molecular phylogeny. Five non-coding chloroplast DNA regions and a nuclear region were sequenced from 12 Aquilaria and three Gyrinops species. Phylogenetic trees constructed using combined chloroplast DNA sequences revealed relationships of the studied 15 members in Aquilarieae, while nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences showed a paraphyletic relationship between Aquilaria species from Indochina and Malesian. We exposed, for the first time, the estimated divergence time for Aquilarieae speciation, which was speculated to happen during the Miocene Epoch. The ancestral split and biogeographic pattern of studied species were discussed. Results showed no large variation in the 2C-values for the five Aquilaria species (1.35–2.23 pg). Further investigation into the genome size may provide additional information regarding ancestral traits and its evolution history.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.00712/fullAquilariaGyrinopsflow cytometrychloroplast genesITS gene |
| spellingShingle | Azman H. Farah Shiou Yih Lee Zhihui Gao Tze Leong Yao Maria Madon Rozi Mohamed Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood Frontiers in Plant Science Aquilaria Gyrinops flow cytometry chloroplast genes ITS gene |
| title | Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood |
| title_full | Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood |
| title_fullStr | Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood |
| title_short | Genome Size, Molecular Phylogeny, and Evolutionary History of the Tribe Aquilarieae (Thymelaeaceae), the Natural Source of Agarwood |
| title_sort | genome size molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history of the tribe aquilarieae thymelaeaceae the natural source of agarwood |
| topic | Aquilaria Gyrinops flow cytometry chloroplast genes ITS gene |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.00712/full |
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