Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption
A simple procedure has been developed to synthesize uncrosslinked soluble poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) gels, ready for use in a subsequent fabrication stage. The presence of 75 wt % methanol (MetOH) or dimethylformamide (DMF) impedes lateral hydroxyl–hydroxyl hydrogen bonds between PHEMA...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1256 |
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| author | Guillermo Vilariño-Feltrer Alfredo Salgado-Gallegos Joan de-la-Concepción-Ausina José Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández Mohsen Shahrousvand Ana Vallés-Lluch |
| author_facet | Guillermo Vilariño-Feltrer Alfredo Salgado-Gallegos Joan de-la-Concepción-Ausina José Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández Mohsen Shahrousvand Ana Vallés-Lluch |
| author_sort | Guillermo Vilariño-Feltrer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A simple procedure has been developed to synthesize uncrosslinked soluble poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) gels, ready for use in a subsequent fabrication stage. The presence of 75 wt % methanol (MetOH) or dimethylformamide (DMF) impedes lateral hydroxyl–hydroxyl hydrogen bonds between PHEMA macromers to form during their solution polymerization at 60 °C, up to 24 h. These gels remain soluble when properly stored in closed containers under cold conditions and, when needed, yield by solvent evaporation spontaneous physically-crosslinked PHEMA adapted to the mould used. Moreover, this two-step procedure allows obtaining multicomponent systems where a stable and water-affine PHEMA network would be of interest. In particular, amphiphilic polycaprolactone (PCL):PHEMA semi-interpenetrated (sIPN) substrates have been developed, from quaternary metastable solutions in chloroform (CHCl<sub>3</sub>):MetOH 3:1 wt. and PCL ranging from 50 to 90 wt % in the polymer fraction (thus determining the composition of the solution). The coexistence of these countered molecules, uniformly distributed at the nanoscale, has proven to enhance the number and interactions of serum protein adsorbed from the acellular medium as compared to the homopolymers, the sIPN containing 80 wt % PCL showing an outstanding development. In accordance to the quaternary diagram presented, this protocol can be adapted for the development of polymer substrates, coatings or scaffolds for biomedical applications, not relying upon phase separation, such as the electrospun mats here proposed herein (12 wt % polymer solutions were used for this purpose, with PCL ranging from 50% to 100% in the polymer fraction). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:29:29Z |
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| id | doaj.art-40c05c6f7e8544dabc76b9558ec4a731 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:29:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-40c05c6f7e8544dabc76b9558ec4a7312023-11-20T02:16:35ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-05-01126125610.3390/polym12061256Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein AdsorptionGuillermo Vilariño-Feltrer0Alfredo Salgado-Gallegos1Joan de-la-Concepción-Ausina2José Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández3Mohsen Shahrousvand4Ana Vallés-Lluch5Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainCentre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainCentre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainCentre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainCaspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 119-43841 Rezvanshahr, IranCentre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainA simple procedure has been developed to synthesize uncrosslinked soluble poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) gels, ready for use in a subsequent fabrication stage. The presence of 75 wt % methanol (MetOH) or dimethylformamide (DMF) impedes lateral hydroxyl–hydroxyl hydrogen bonds between PHEMA macromers to form during their solution polymerization at 60 °C, up to 24 h. These gels remain soluble when properly stored in closed containers under cold conditions and, when needed, yield by solvent evaporation spontaneous physically-crosslinked PHEMA adapted to the mould used. Moreover, this two-step procedure allows obtaining multicomponent systems where a stable and water-affine PHEMA network would be of interest. In particular, amphiphilic polycaprolactone (PCL):PHEMA semi-interpenetrated (sIPN) substrates have been developed, from quaternary metastable solutions in chloroform (CHCl<sub>3</sub>):MetOH 3:1 wt. and PCL ranging from 50 to 90 wt % in the polymer fraction (thus determining the composition of the solution). The coexistence of these countered molecules, uniformly distributed at the nanoscale, has proven to enhance the number and interactions of serum protein adsorbed from the acellular medium as compared to the homopolymers, the sIPN containing 80 wt % PCL showing an outstanding development. In accordance to the quaternary diagram presented, this protocol can be adapted for the development of polymer substrates, coatings or scaffolds for biomedical applications, not relying upon phase separation, such as the electrospun mats here proposed herein (12 wt % polymer solutions were used for this purpose, with PCL ranging from 50% to 100% in the polymer fraction).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1256poly(ε-caprolactone)poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)amphipathicamphiphiliccrosslinker-freesemi-interpenetrated network |
| spellingShingle | Guillermo Vilariño-Feltrer Alfredo Salgado-Gallegos Joan de-la-Concepción-Ausina José Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández Mohsen Shahrousvand Ana Vallés-Lluch Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption Polymers poly(ε-caprolactone) poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) amphipathic amphiphilic crosslinker-free semi-interpenetrated network |
| title | Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption |
| title_full | Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption |
| title_fullStr | Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption |
| title_full_unstemmed | Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption |
| title_short | Amphipathic Substrates Based on Crosslinker-Free Poly(ε-Caprolactone):Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Semi-Interpenetrated Networks Promote Serum Protein Adsorption |
| title_sort | amphipathic substrates based on crosslinker free poly ε caprolactone poly 2 hydroxyethyl methacrylate semi interpenetrated networks promote serum protein adsorption |
| topic | poly(ε-caprolactone) poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) amphipathic amphiphilic crosslinker-free semi-interpenetrated network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1256 |
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