Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles
The present study investigated the effect of low stocking density on growth, survival, feed parameters and physiological responses (blood metabolites, welfare indicators, immune biomarkers, and transcriptomic responses of stress and immune-related genes) on juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhync...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1040 |
| _version_ | 1797515279413018624 |
|---|---|
| author | Jérôme Roy Frederic Terrier Michael Marchand Alexandre Herman Cécile Heraud Anne Surget Anthony Lanuque Franck Sandres Lucie Marandel |
| author_facet | Jérôme Roy Frederic Terrier Michael Marchand Alexandre Herman Cécile Heraud Anne Surget Anthony Lanuque Franck Sandres Lucie Marandel |
| author_sort | Jérôme Roy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study investigated the effect of low stocking density on growth, survival, feed parameters and physiological responses (blood metabolites, welfare indicators, immune biomarkers, and transcriptomic responses of stress and immune-related genes) on juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) reared under a recirculating aquaculture system during 12 weeks. Fish (average weight 29.64 g) were reared in triplicate under four initial densities: nine fish per tank (D9, 3.76 ± 0.06 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), 18 fish per tank (D18, 7.66 ± 0.18 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), 27 fish per tank (D27, 9.67 ± 0.01 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and 36 fish per tank (D36, 12.94 ± 0.14 kg/m<sup>3</sup>). Results showed that lower stocking density D9 significantly altered survival with several fish dying during the experiment and an alteration of growth and feed efficiency for the remaining fish. In parallel, the study revealed that low stocking density induced a chronic stress altering the physiological responses of trout by dysregulation of the inflammatory, immune system, and indolamine/catecholamine brain levels. In conclusion, regarding all the variables observed, low stocking density (D9) alters survival, growth and feed efficiency of rainbow trout with alteration of their physiological responses. Selecting appropriate fish density relating to rearing conditions proved to be an essential concern to improve welfare in an aquaculture context. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40c6cad1550443c08af474eac1b5e0ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-40c6cad1550443c08af474eac1b5e0ab2023-11-22T17:28:52ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-10-011010104010.3390/biology10101040Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) JuvenilesJérôme Roy0Frederic Terrier1Michael Marchand2Alexandre Herman3Cécile Heraud4Anne Surget5Anthony Lanuque6Franck Sandres7Lucie Marandel8E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceE2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, INRAE, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, FranceThe present study investigated the effect of low stocking density on growth, survival, feed parameters and physiological responses (blood metabolites, welfare indicators, immune biomarkers, and transcriptomic responses of stress and immune-related genes) on juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) reared under a recirculating aquaculture system during 12 weeks. Fish (average weight 29.64 g) were reared in triplicate under four initial densities: nine fish per tank (D9, 3.76 ± 0.06 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), 18 fish per tank (D18, 7.66 ± 0.18 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), 27 fish per tank (D27, 9.67 ± 0.01 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and 36 fish per tank (D36, 12.94 ± 0.14 kg/m<sup>3</sup>). Results showed that lower stocking density D9 significantly altered survival with several fish dying during the experiment and an alteration of growth and feed efficiency for the remaining fish. In parallel, the study revealed that low stocking density induced a chronic stress altering the physiological responses of trout by dysregulation of the inflammatory, immune system, and indolamine/catecholamine brain levels. In conclusion, regarding all the variables observed, low stocking density (D9) alters survival, growth and feed efficiency of rainbow trout with alteration of their physiological responses. Selecting appropriate fish density relating to rearing conditions proved to be an essential concern to improve welfare in an aquaculture context.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1040teleost fishinitial fish densitygrowthsurvivalhealth status |
| spellingShingle | Jérôme Roy Frederic Terrier Michael Marchand Alexandre Herman Cécile Heraud Anne Surget Anthony Lanuque Franck Sandres Lucie Marandel Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles Biology teleost fish initial fish density growth survival health status |
| title | Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles |
| title_full | Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles |
| title_short | Effects of Low Stocking Densities on Zootechnical Parameters and Physiological Responses of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Juveniles |
| title_sort | effects of low stocking densities on zootechnical parameters and physiological responses of rainbow trout i oncorhynchus mykiss i juveniles |
| topic | teleost fish initial fish density growth survival health status |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1040 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jeromeroy effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT fredericterrier effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT michaelmarchand effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT alexandreherman effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT cecileheraud effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT annesurget effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT anthonylanuque effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT francksandres effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles AT luciemarandel effectsoflowstockingdensitiesonzootechnicalparametersandphysiologicalresponsesofrainbowtroutioncorhynchusmykissijuveniles |