Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs
Abstract Reducing dietary crude protein (CP) beyond a certain threshold leads to poor growth performance in pigs; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Following an adaption period, thirty-seven weaned pigs were weight matched (8.41 ± 0.14 kg), housed individually and randomly...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60150-y |
| _version_ | 1818852048857202688 |
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| author | Shelby Spring Hasitha Premathilake Udaya DeSilva Cedrick Shili Scott Carter Adel Pezeshki |
| author_facet | Shelby Spring Hasitha Premathilake Udaya DeSilva Cedrick Shili Scott Carter Adel Pezeshki |
| author_sort | Shelby Spring |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Reducing dietary crude protein (CP) beyond a certain threshold leads to poor growth performance in pigs; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Following an adaption period, thirty-seven weaned pigs were weight matched (8.41 ± 0.14 kg), housed individually and randomly assigned into three groups with different dietary CP levels: 24% CP (CON; n = 12), 18% CP (n = 12) and 12% CP (n = 13) for 28 days. The body weight was not different between the CON and 18% CP diets, but 12% CP significantly decreased body weight after day 21. Compared to the CON, pigs fed with 12% CP decreased feed intake day 17 onwards. The 12% CP diet increased the energy expenditure during week 1 compared to the CON. The 12% CP influenced starch and sucrose, nitrogen, and branched-chain amino acids metabolism pathways. The feces of pigs fed with 12% CP were less enriched in Prevotella, but had higher relative abundance of Christensenedilaceae, Aligiphilus and Algoriphagus than CON and 18% CP. Overall, reducing dietary CP by 50%, but not by 25%, significantly influenced the physiological responses in nursery pigs. The pigs fed with low or standard protein diets had differential bacterial communities in their feces as well as serum metabolomics profile. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:14:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40ce1d6a06b54e4d8e5ec96d84504a2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:14:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-40ce1d6a06b54e4d8e5ec96d84504a2d2022-12-21T20:31:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222020-02-0110111510.1038/s41598-020-60150-yLow Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young PigsShelby Spring0Hasitha Premathilake1Udaya DeSilva2Cedrick Shili3Scott Carter4Adel Pezeshki5Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State UniversityAbstract Reducing dietary crude protein (CP) beyond a certain threshold leads to poor growth performance in pigs; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Following an adaption period, thirty-seven weaned pigs were weight matched (8.41 ± 0.14 kg), housed individually and randomly assigned into three groups with different dietary CP levels: 24% CP (CON; n = 12), 18% CP (n = 12) and 12% CP (n = 13) for 28 days. The body weight was not different between the CON and 18% CP diets, but 12% CP significantly decreased body weight after day 21. Compared to the CON, pigs fed with 12% CP decreased feed intake day 17 onwards. The 12% CP diet increased the energy expenditure during week 1 compared to the CON. The 12% CP influenced starch and sucrose, nitrogen, and branched-chain amino acids metabolism pathways. The feces of pigs fed with 12% CP were less enriched in Prevotella, but had higher relative abundance of Christensenedilaceae, Aligiphilus and Algoriphagus than CON and 18% CP. Overall, reducing dietary CP by 50%, but not by 25%, significantly influenced the physiological responses in nursery pigs. The pigs fed with low or standard protein diets had differential bacterial communities in their feces as well as serum metabolomics profile.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60150-y |
| spellingShingle | Shelby Spring Hasitha Premathilake Udaya DeSilva Cedrick Shili Scott Carter Adel Pezeshki Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs Scientific Reports |
| title | Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs |
| title_full | Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs |
| title_short | Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diets Alter Energy Balance, Gut Microbiota Composition and Blood Metabolomics Profile in Young Pigs |
| title_sort | low protein high carbohydrate diets alter energy balance gut microbiota composition and blood metabolomics profile in young pigs |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60150-y |
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