Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection.
Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rathe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 |
| _version_ | 1819119925666512896 |
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| author | Joji Kunihiro Hiroaki Nabeka Hiroyuki Wakisaka Kana Unuma Md Sakirul Islam Khan Tetsuya Shimokawa Farzana Islam Takuya Doihara Kimiko Yamamiya Shouichiro Saito Fumihiko Hamada Seiji Matsuda |
| author_facet | Joji Kunihiro Hiroaki Nabeka Hiroyuki Wakisaka Kana Unuma Md Sakirul Islam Khan Tetsuya Shimokawa Farzana Islam Takuya Doihara Kimiko Yamamiya Shouichiro Saito Fumihiko Hamada Seiji Matsuda |
| author_sort | Joji Kunihiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:12:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40d0edceabf2430981d08681f2bf6ae1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:12:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-40d0edceabf2430981d08681f2bf6ae12022-12-21T18:36:12ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-011512e024131510.1371/journal.pone.0241315Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection.Joji KunihiroHiroaki NabekaHiroyuki WakisakaKana UnumaMd Sakirul Islam KhanTetsuya ShimokawaFarzana IslamTakuya DoiharaKimiko YamamiyaShouichiro SaitoFumihiko HamadaSeiji MatsudaNeurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 |
| spellingShingle | Joji Kunihiro Hiroaki Nabeka Hiroyuki Wakisaka Kana Unuma Md Sakirul Islam Khan Tetsuya Shimokawa Farzana Islam Takuya Doihara Kimiko Yamamiya Shouichiro Saito Fumihiko Hamada Seiji Matsuda Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PLoS ONE |
| title | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. |
| title_full | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. |
| title_fullStr | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. |
| title_short | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. |
| title_sort | prosaposin and its receptors grp37 and gpr37l1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 |
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