Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide, yet there are currently no effective treatments. Because risk of neurodegenerative disease substantially increases with age, greater life expectancy with a concomitant aging population means more individuals will be affected in the comi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00171/full |
| _version_ | 1818989147494285312 |
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| author | Michael K. Jones Archana Nair Mihir Gupta |
| author_facet | Michael K. Jones Archana Nair Mihir Gupta |
| author_sort | Michael K. Jones |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide, yet there are currently no effective treatments. Because risk of neurodegenerative disease substantially increases with age, greater life expectancy with a concomitant aging population means more individuals will be affected in the coming decades. Thus, there is an urgent need for understanding the mechanisms driving neurodegenerative diseases in order to develop improved treatment strategies. Inflammation in the nervous system, termed “neuroinflammation,” has become increasingly recognized as being associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Early attention focused primarily on morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia; however, brain and CNS resident mast cells are now receiving attention as a result of being “first responders” to injury. Mast cells also exert profound effects on their microenvironment and neighboring cells including behavior and/or activation of astrocytes, microglia, and neurons, which, in turn, are implicated in neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and neurodegeneration. Mast cells also affect disruption/permeability of the blood brain barrier enabling toxin and immune cell entry exacerbating an inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we discuss the roles of mast cells in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration with a focus on development and progression of four prominent neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington’s Disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:33:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40d94b215b5b443aa0928a282f7d9320 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:33:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-40d94b215b5b443aa0928a282f7d93202022-12-21T19:28:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022019-04-011310.3389/fncel.2019.00171453620Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative DiseaseMichael K. Jones0Archana Nair1Mihir Gupta2Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, New York University, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United StatesNeurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide, yet there are currently no effective treatments. Because risk of neurodegenerative disease substantially increases with age, greater life expectancy with a concomitant aging population means more individuals will be affected in the coming decades. Thus, there is an urgent need for understanding the mechanisms driving neurodegenerative diseases in order to develop improved treatment strategies. Inflammation in the nervous system, termed “neuroinflammation,” has become increasingly recognized as being associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Early attention focused primarily on morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia; however, brain and CNS resident mast cells are now receiving attention as a result of being “first responders” to injury. Mast cells also exert profound effects on their microenvironment and neighboring cells including behavior and/or activation of astrocytes, microglia, and neurons, which, in turn, are implicated in neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and neurodegeneration. Mast cells also affect disruption/permeability of the blood brain barrier enabling toxin and immune cell entry exacerbating an inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we discuss the roles of mast cells in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration with a focus on development and progression of four prominent neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington’s Disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00171/fullmast cellsneuroinflammationneurodegenerative diseaseAlzheimer’sParkinson’samyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Michael K. Jones Archana Nair Mihir Gupta Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience mast cells neuroinflammation neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| title | Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_full | Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_fullStr | Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_short | Mast Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_sort | mast cells in neurodegenerative disease |
| topic | mast cells neuroinflammation neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00171/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaelkjones mastcellsinneurodegenerativedisease AT archananair mastcellsinneurodegenerativedisease AT mihirgupta mastcellsinneurodegenerativedisease |