Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina
Mitochondria are central in retinal cell function and survival and they perform functions that are critical to cell function. Retinal neurons have high energy requirements, since large amounts of ATP are needed to generate membrane potentials and power membrane pumps. Mitochondria over the course of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/8/2/31 |
| _version_ | 1827838520494915584 |
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| author | Janis T. Eells |
| author_facet | Janis T. Eells |
| author_sort | Janis T. Eells |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondria are central in retinal cell function and survival and they perform functions that are critical to cell function. Retinal neurons have high energy requirements, since large amounts of ATP are needed to generate membrane potentials and power membrane pumps. Mitochondria over the course of aging undergo a number of changes. Aged mitochondria exhibit decreased rates of oxidative phosphorylation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increased numbers of mtDNA mutations. Mitochondria in the neural retina and the retinal pigment epithelium are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage with aging. Many age-related retinal diseases, including glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration, have been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, mitochondria are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of retinal disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:06:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40dc5f92c29942508e26040ca01b86cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:06:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-40dc5f92c29942508e26040ca01b86cf2023-09-02T23:21:58ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372019-05-01823110.3390/biology8020031biology8020031Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging RetinaJanis T. Eells0Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USAMitochondria are central in retinal cell function and survival and they perform functions that are critical to cell function. Retinal neurons have high energy requirements, since large amounts of ATP are needed to generate membrane potentials and power membrane pumps. Mitochondria over the course of aging undergo a number of changes. Aged mitochondria exhibit decreased rates of oxidative phosphorylation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increased numbers of mtDNA mutations. Mitochondria in the neural retina and the retinal pigment epithelium are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage with aging. Many age-related retinal diseases, including glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration, have been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, mitochondria are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of retinal disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/8/2/31agingmitochondriaretinaoptic nervediabetic retinopathyage-related macular degenerationglaucoma |
| spellingShingle | Janis T. Eells Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina Biology aging mitochondria retina optic nerve diabetic retinopathy age-related macular degeneration glaucoma |
| title | Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina |
| title_full | Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina |
| title_short | Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Aging Retina |
| title_sort | mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging retina |
| topic | aging mitochondria retina optic nerve diabetic retinopathy age-related macular degeneration glaucoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/8/2/31 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT janisteells mitochondrialdysfunctionintheagingretina |