Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress
Abiotic stresses, such as a drought and heat, are potential constraints limiting wheat production across the globe. This current perspective study intended to characterize the performance of exotic synthetic hexaploid (SH) wheat genotypes on a physiological, biochemical, and agronomic basis under fi...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/458 |
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| author | Fahad Alghabari Zahid Hussain Shah Hyojin Seo |
| author_facet | Fahad Alghabari Zahid Hussain Shah Hyojin Seo |
| author_sort | Fahad Alghabari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abiotic stresses, such as a drought and heat, are potential constraints limiting wheat production across the globe. This current perspective study intended to characterize the performance of exotic synthetic hexaploid (SH) wheat genotypes on a physiological, biochemical, and agronomic basis under field-based drought and heat conditions. The tri-replicate experiments were conducted in two seasons using two-factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with stresses as one factor and genotypes as another factor. The recorded data were statistically analyzed using computer-based software statistix8.1 and R-studio. In this study, all the physiological parameters (total chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and cell membrane stability percentage), biochemical stress markers (antioxidant enzymes, glycine betaine, and proline), and agronomic traits (flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, grains per spike, and thousand grain weight) varied significantly under separate and combined regimes of drought and heat stresses. All traits varied in same direction, excluding glycine betaine and proline, which varied in the opposite direction because of stress, as explicated by correlation analysis. Furthermore, PCA and heatmap analysis confirmed that the expression of the traits varied more significantly because of combined regimes of drought and heat stresses as compared to controlled and isolated applications. Interestingly, synthetic hexaploid (SH) genotypes depicted similar responses to individual and integrated regimes of drought and heat stresses. The current study proved that deciphering the physiological, biochemical, and agronomic performance of wheat genotypes under stress can provide effective criteria for the future selection of wheat germplasm for breeding against drought and heat stresses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:16:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40e47f7de9bf4612a09f34c65086bc25 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:16:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-40e47f7de9bf4612a09f34c65086bc252023-11-16T18:34:54ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-02-0113245810.3390/agronomy13020458Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat StressFahad Alghabari0Zahid Hussain Shah1Hyojin Seo2Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanKorea Soybean Research Institute, Jinju 52840, Gyeongnam, Republic of KoreaAbiotic stresses, such as a drought and heat, are potential constraints limiting wheat production across the globe. This current perspective study intended to characterize the performance of exotic synthetic hexaploid (SH) wheat genotypes on a physiological, biochemical, and agronomic basis under field-based drought and heat conditions. The tri-replicate experiments were conducted in two seasons using two-factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with stresses as one factor and genotypes as another factor. The recorded data were statistically analyzed using computer-based software statistix8.1 and R-studio. In this study, all the physiological parameters (total chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and cell membrane stability percentage), biochemical stress markers (antioxidant enzymes, glycine betaine, and proline), and agronomic traits (flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, grains per spike, and thousand grain weight) varied significantly under separate and combined regimes of drought and heat stresses. All traits varied in same direction, excluding glycine betaine and proline, which varied in the opposite direction because of stress, as explicated by correlation analysis. Furthermore, PCA and heatmap analysis confirmed that the expression of the traits varied more significantly because of combined regimes of drought and heat stresses as compared to controlled and isolated applications. Interestingly, synthetic hexaploid (SH) genotypes depicted similar responses to individual and integrated regimes of drought and heat stresses. The current study proved that deciphering the physiological, biochemical, and agronomic performance of wheat genotypes under stress can provide effective criteria for the future selection of wheat germplasm for breeding against drought and heat stresses.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/458abiotic stressantioxidantsynthetic hexaploidsPCAheatmap |
| spellingShingle | Fahad Alghabari Zahid Hussain Shah Hyojin Seo Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress Agronomy abiotic stress antioxidant synthetic hexaploids PCA heatmap |
| title | Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress |
| title_full | Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress |
| title_fullStr | Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress |
| title_short | Physio-Chemical and Agronomic-Based Characterization of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm under Field Imposed Conditions of Drought and Heat Stress |
| title_sort | physio chemical and agronomic based characterization of synthetic hexaploid wheat germplasm under field imposed conditions of drought and heat stress |
| topic | abiotic stress antioxidant synthetic hexaploids PCA heatmap |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/458 |
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