Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing
This research studies the medium timescale (6–30 days) ionospheric response over the Wuhan area to solar radiative, recurrent geomagnetic, and lower atmospheric forcing. The ionospheric response is examined by wavelet analysis of the total electron content (TEC) over the Wuhan area from 2001 to 2020...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5895 |
| _version_ | 1797464009025257472 |
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| author | Zhenlin Yang Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Chen-Ke-Min Teng Yafei Wei Xiankang Dou |
| author_facet | Zhenlin Yang Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Chen-Ke-Min Teng Yafei Wei Xiankang Dou |
| author_sort | Zhenlin Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research studies the medium timescale (6–30 days) ionospheric response over the Wuhan area to solar radiative, recurrent geomagnetic, and lower atmospheric forcing. The ionospheric response is examined by wavelet analysis of the total electron content (TEC) over the Wuhan area from 2001 to 2020. Ionospheric oscillations with periods centering at the harmonic oscillations of the 27-day solar rotation (e.g., 27 days, 13.5 days, 9 days, and 6.75 days) are focused upon. The results show that the quasi-27-day TEC oscillations at the middle latitude have a better overall correlation with solar radiation than recurrent geomagnetic activity, but the correlation between TEC and recurrent geomagnetic activity has a significant increase at the solar minimum stage. As for ionospheric oscillations with periods shorter than 15 days, these oscillations correlate better with recurrent geomagnetic activity. Moreover, a quasi-27-day TEC oscillation event at the middle latitude caused by convective activity from the lower atmosphere was studied. This suggests that lower atmospheric forcing is also an important factor causing ionospheric oscillations. In addition, the ionospheric oscillations over the Wuhan area also show unique regional characteristics, as the regional ionosphere does not respond well to the Kp oscillation with periods shorter than 20 days, particularly, 13.5 days. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:01:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40f34729d31a4c6aa8026b00fab42ec1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:01:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-40f34729d31a4c6aa8026b00fab42ec12023-11-24T09:52:12ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-11-011422589510.3390/rs14225895Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric ForcingZhenlin Yang0Sheng-Yang Gu1Yusong Qin2Chen-Ke-Min Teng3Yafei Wei4Xiankang Dou5Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaElectronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaElectronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaBeijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, ChinaElectronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaElectronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaThis research studies the medium timescale (6–30 days) ionospheric response over the Wuhan area to solar radiative, recurrent geomagnetic, and lower atmospheric forcing. The ionospheric response is examined by wavelet analysis of the total electron content (TEC) over the Wuhan area from 2001 to 2020. Ionospheric oscillations with periods centering at the harmonic oscillations of the 27-day solar rotation (e.g., 27 days, 13.5 days, 9 days, and 6.75 days) are focused upon. The results show that the quasi-27-day TEC oscillations at the middle latitude have a better overall correlation with solar radiation than recurrent geomagnetic activity, but the correlation between TEC and recurrent geomagnetic activity has a significant increase at the solar minimum stage. As for ionospheric oscillations with periods shorter than 15 days, these oscillations correlate better with recurrent geomagnetic activity. Moreover, a quasi-27-day TEC oscillation event at the middle latitude caused by convective activity from the lower atmosphere was studied. This suggests that lower atmospheric forcing is also an important factor causing ionospheric oscillations. In addition, the ionospheric oscillations over the Wuhan area also show unique regional characteristics, as the regional ionosphere does not respond well to the Kp oscillation with periods shorter than 20 days, particularly, 13.5 days.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5895ionospheric oscillationssolar radiationrecurrent geomagnetic activityplanetary wavesGNSS remote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Zhenlin Yang Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Chen-Ke-Min Teng Yafei Wei Xiankang Dou Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing Remote Sensing ionospheric oscillations solar radiation recurrent geomagnetic activity planetary waves GNSS remote sensing |
| title | Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing |
| title_full | Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing |
| title_fullStr | Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing |
| title_short | Ionospheric Oscillation with Periods of 6–30 Days at Middle Latitudes: A Response to Solar Radiative, Geomagnetic, and Lower Atmospheric Forcing |
| title_sort | ionospheric oscillation with periods of 6 30 days at middle latitudes a response to solar radiative geomagnetic and lower atmospheric forcing |
| topic | ionospheric oscillations solar radiation recurrent geomagnetic activity planetary waves GNSS remote sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5895 |
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